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	<title>牙科就診經驗 彙整 - 愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</title>
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	<description>我們想跟你聊聊那些日常中會遇到、但卻不知道該怎麼聊的人、事、地、物，還有心情。</description>
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	<title>牙科就診經驗 彙整 - 愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</title>
	<link>https://iknowledge.info/category/special-reports/2022mde/</link>
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		<title>因為有前人的努力</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-efforts-of-veterans/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov 2022 01:00:33 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[感染者經驗]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=13528</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>在剛感染前就知道，感染者的就醫環境不是這麼方便，所以在感染後就有詢問個管師友善牙醫的資訊，直到我搬來台中，才又重新找了台中的友善牙醫，直到現在還是覺得為何感染者要另外尋求友善牙醫而感到不解，雖然不到不方便，但就像是心理上覺得不平衡一般...</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-efforts-of-veterans/">因為有前人的努力</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
]]></description>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 24px;">作者：小豪</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px;">發生年代/地點：2022年，台中診所</span></p>								</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><b>小豪親自發聲，<br />把自己的牙科就診經驗說給你聽<br /></b></span></p>								</div>
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									<p>在剛感染前就知道，感染者的就醫環境不是這麼方便，所以在感染後就有詢問個管師友善牙醫的資訊，直到我搬來台中，才又重新找了台中的友善牙醫，直到現在還是覺得為何感染者要另外尋求友善牙醫而感到不解，雖然不到不方便，但就像是心理上覺得不平衡一般，不過換個角度想，對於治療相關的事，通常也會找人介紹是否有熟悉的醫生可以治療，比較安心，所以好像不用過度去解讀這件事對感染者影響，但如果去治療的狀況不是如預期的好，那可能就另當別論。</p><p>給台中牙醫看診其實一直都是維持基本的洗牙而已，沒有太多的擔憂，直到有一天，我的智齒要冒出來了，突然有點害怕，那種社會對於感染者的恐懼，也回頭到自己身上，一直想說，我原先也沒有跟牙醫核對他是否是感染者友善的牙醫，導致要開刀拔牙的時候，才發現其實牙醫不是友善的，諸如此類的擔心。</p><p>結果其實是自己過度擔心，因為整個拔牙的過程很順利，也很舒服？怎麼說呢，跟以前的拔牙技術實在差好多，這次完全連打麻藥都不痛，過程很輕鬆很順利，原本既有的擔心都沒了，醫生的服務就如同告訴你，你的緊張都是多餘的，其實你就是一般的牙齒患者，不用替牙醫擔心，也需要相信這世界上還有人願意服務感染者，而感染者也不是甚麼恐怖的東西，牙齒有問題就好好擔任這個角色，不去多想不必要的情況。</p><p>我的看牙經驗，真的是滿順利的，除了自己多餘的擔心之外，沒有遇到什麼困難，但也許少了一點對抗或是挑戰，去陌生開發牙醫，或是去測試這社會的良善，但想想好像也沒必要，因為有前人的努力，後人就抱者感恩的心去使用這樣的友善資源，畢竟這些友善牙醫都是經過篩選後的資源呢。</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-efforts-of-veterans/">因為有前人的努力</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
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		<item>
		<title>碰碰車</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-bumper-cars/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov 2022 01:00:23 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[牙醫觀點]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=13516</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>有些人或許不知道，牙科還有細分不同的專科，即使同一專科，不同醫師的專長也不一定相同，所以，有時同一位病患或同一顆牙齒會需要不同醫師協同治療。當病患是H的時候，如果某些治療需要其他醫師的專業時，心裡的碰碰車出現了...</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-bumper-cars/">碰碰車</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
]]></description>
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									<p>作者：小轉牙醫師</p>								</div>
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									<i>「我要問病患嗎？病患會希望我問嗎？病患在等我問嗎？」
</i><br>
心裡的碰碰車又出現了。								</div>
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									<p>成為友善醫師後，工作內容與過去並無太大差別，但在看診時，心裡常常會有一種難以言喻的感覺，我稱之為碰碰車。</p><p>有些人或許不知道，牙科還有細分不同的專科，即使同一專科，不同醫師的專長也不一定相同，所以，有時同一位病患或同一顆牙齒會需要不同醫師協同治療。</p><p>當病患是H的時候，如果某些治療需要其他醫師的專業時，心裡的碰碰車出現了:<br />「我到底要不要去問那位醫師是不是H友善呢？<br />還是，就直接轉診過去看看呢？<br />或是，直接轉診給認識的友善醫師呢？<br />但是，這樣不是捨近求遠嗎？會不會其實友善醫師就在身邊呢？<br />沒有問是不是就失去一個機會呢？」<br />心裡有三台碰碰車。</p>								</div>
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									<p>現在醫療院所林立，許多醫師會在不同的院所看診，但每間院所的環境、流程、設備與同仁都不一樣。身為友善醫師，會接到不同單位轉診來的H病患，有時我會事先知道病患身分，但當我拿到初診單，上面沒有任何揭露的疾病，心裡的碰碰車又出現了：</p>
<p>「我要問病患嗎？病患會希望我問嗎？病患在等我問嗎？<br>另一方面，助理知道嗎？他們有看到雲端藥歷嗎？<br>他們看到了會知道這些藥物的意義嗎？我該要告訴助理嗎？<br>助理會想知道嗎？助理知道後會有什麼反應嗎？<br>這間診所的流程是怎麼樣？」<br>心裡有四台碰碰車。</p>
<p>我的H病患來自四面八方，每個病患帶著不同故事，最常見的版本是在上一間診所被拒絕，或是問了好多間院所都沒辦法看診的故事，有時講著講著，情緒一個停不住，講到爆氣，再一次，我心裡的碰碰車出現了：</p>
<p><span style="font-size: inherit;">「我要跟著病患一起痛罵前一位醫師跟診所嗎？<br>還是我應該協助醫病溝通、緩和氣氛呢？<br>我應該要撇清關係，說我是友善醫師跟他不一樣呢？<br>還是，我代替那位醫師被罵、也代替那位醫師跟他道歉呢？<br>能不能就靜靜聽下去？但至少說些什麼吧？<br>病患期待我說什麼呢？會不會來不及做治療呢？」<br></span><span style="font-size: inherit;">心裡有五台碰碰車。</span></p>
<p>像碰碰車從各方夾擊，我開著車，卻找不到方向。</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="533" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor12-p2.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-13579" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor12-p2.jpg 800w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor12-p2-700x466.jpg 700w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor12-p2-300x200.jpg 300w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor12-p2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor12-p2-370x247.jpg 370w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" />															</div>
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									<p>這局結束了，曲終人散，我仍舊坐在車上。稍作休息後，再次開局，我開著車，又落入碰碰車陣。<span style="font-size: inherit;">這也是為什麼，我不特別要求病患看診時一定要告知或提供檢驗數值，因為我能體會那種抓不到方向的感覺，尤其在現今的醫療環境中。</span></p>								</div>
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									<b>希望有一天，醫師們沒有友善或不友善的區別，病患也沒有告知或不告知的糾結，我就能結束我的碰碰車之旅了。</b>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-bumper-cars/">碰碰車</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>謝謝HIV友善醫師</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-thanks-hiv-friendly-dentist/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 23 Nov 2022 01:01:02 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[感染者經驗]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=13527</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>牙醫師是一位友人介紹的HIV病患友善醫生，起因是刻意忽視臼齒蛀牙的嚴重性，直到部分牙齒開始崩落造成細菌感染傷口，右半邊整個口腔持續疼痛，才拎著不安的心前往診所看診...</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-thanks-hiv-friendly-dentist/">謝謝HIV友善醫師</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[		<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="13527" class="elementor elementor-13527">
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									<p><span style="font-size: 24px;">作者：龍</span><br /><span style="font-size: 16px;">發生年代/地點：2022年，台中診所<br /></span></p>								</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><b>龍親自發聲，<br>
把自己的牙科就診經驗說給你聽<br>
</b></span></p>								</div>
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									<p>牙醫師是一位友人介紹的HIV病患友善醫生，起因是刻意忽視臼齒蛀牙的嚴重性，直到部分牙齒開始崩落造成細菌感染傷口，右半邊整個口腔持續疼痛，才拎著不安的心前往診所看診。</p><p>診所設備、沙發及整體環境寬敞，讓人感到相當舒適，而印象中第一次看到牙醫師覺得本人相當客氣，說話也非常溫柔，開始治療前醫師一邊指著剛拍好的全口X光照，一邊親切的向我說明蛀牙範圍非常深、已經傷到牙根神經，只能先把傷口清理消毒，狀況好的話只需要把蛀牙的部分做修補，不需要根管治療，在過程中也非常詳細解釋每個處理步驟讓病患了解治療流程及狀況，偶爾拿起口腔牙鏡讓我看看牙齒處理情形，減緩看牙過程的焦慮感及恐懼。由於蛀牙情形嚴重，醫師也體諒我的感受，提醒我會痛可以馬上反應，醫師會調整方式或再加一些麻藥，整個治療流程算是相當舒適。</p><p>由於平時並沒有養成刷牙習慣，原本修補的部分經治療後才沒幾周又開始崩落，牙齦也開始紅腫發炎，加上自己並未依照第一次療程結束醫生提醒如有發燒或疼痛感務必馬上回診，大概延遲半年才回診就醫，牙齦內部早已嚴重化膿，以至於醫師在清理過程必須忍受傷口飄出來的惡臭，光是一個臼齒前前後後就回診治療六次，有時候治療會超過半小時的時間，但非常感謝牙醫師的用心，即便是到了下一個病患預約時間，醫師還是不疾不徐的幫我處理那顆爛牙，一邊抹去臉上的汗水一邊親切的向我說明根管治療步驟，因為醫生用心的治療，我也才突然體悟到別人這麼用心對待自己的健康，自己更應該好好照顧自己的身體健康，維持正確的刷牙習慣。</p><p>後來為了改善牙齒的健康，除了固定每半年回診梁醫生洗牙，也開始養成使用漱口水和牙線的習慣。因為時常懶得手動刷牙，把原本習慣使用的一般牙刷更換為電動牙刷，並使用正確的刷牙方式。</p><p>至於有關是否要主動揭露HIV病患身分，我在第一次看診時已經在初診單註明本身患有慢性疾病，以及目前服用的藥物為「三恩美」，所以並不需要特別再口頭向醫護人員提醒自己是HIV患者，就我看診經驗其實醫護人員對待我的態度與其他人並無差別，勉勵大家切勿因為HIV身分而延誤就醫。</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-thanks-hiv-friendly-dentist/">謝謝HIV友善醫師</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>愛滋友善就醫環境</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-hiv-friendly-dental-environment/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 23 Nov 2022 01:00:50 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[牙醫觀點]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=13518</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>常言講：有能力給予的人，遠比承受的人有福！何況大家只是執行日常該做的事，並不需要多做什麼，個案是穩定安全的。大家要盡可能建立正確觀念，對個案提供完善的醫療服務，別讓他（她）們就醫無門，建構更完備的社會醫療環境...</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-hiv-friendly-dental-environment/">愛滋友善就醫環境</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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									<p>作者：<br />愛滋友善的家庭牙科醫師</p>								</div>
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									<p>從小家訓就是在本身能力範圍內，盡可能幫助需要被幫助的人！今天剛好有這個平台提供己身經驗的分享，引發發表個人感受。</p><p>常言講：有能力給予的人，遠比承受的人有福！何況大家只是執行日常該做的事，並不需要多做什麼，個案是穩定安全的。</p><p>大家要盡可能建立正確觀念，對個案提供完善的醫療服務，別讓他（她）們就醫無門，建構更完備的社會醫療環境！多想想如此，若自己（或家人）因所謂傳染性疾病（如肝炎或接觸感染皮膚疾病被拒絕就醫解除病痛時自己跟家人的感受）！煩請大家按照一般執行業務守則，只要做好該做的事，在能力範圍內做好服務吧！</p><p>也謝謝院裡的感染科，會定時舉辦相關演講，宣導各項防治，使同事們都有很正確的愛滋觀念，沒有遇過同事不願接受的情形。</p><p>在自己從事工作過程當中，碰到個案時，常可感受他（她）們怯生被拒絕看診，失去尋求就醫解決病痛的困擾，常常陷入要不要告知的疑慮。其實他（她）們大可放心，在醫護人員心中，他（她）們就是一律應該得到適當照護，個案都是平等的！</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-hiv-friendly-dental-environment/">愛滋友善就醫環境</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>終於遇到 ・ 現在很好</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-finally-met-and-well-now/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Sep 2022 01:01:13 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[牙醫觀點]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=12778</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>在第一次自己遇到HIV患者之前，跟HIV患者最接近的時候，是曾經在學校實習期間，聽說有學長因為幫一個HIV的患者治療完，器械沒有另外打包，被消毒室姐姐衝到診間去罵了一頓，當時大家都把這件事當成偶發的笑話，也就過去了...</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-finally-met-and-well-now/">終於遇到 ・ 現在很好</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[		<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="12778" class="elementor elementor-12778">
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									作者：Dr.House								</div>
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									<p><i>「醫師，等下那個現掛患者是HIV喔，你要接嗎？」<br></i> 終於還是遇到了，我當時心想。</p>
<p><i style="">「接吧。」</i></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="450" height="648" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/doctor10-p2-1.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-12849" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/doctor10-p2-1.jpg 450w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/doctor10-p2-1-208x300.jpg 208w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/doctor10-p2-1-370x533.jpg 370w" sizes="(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px" />															</div>
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									<p>在第一次自己遇到HIV患者之前，跟HIV患者最接近的時候，是曾經在學校實習期間，聽說有學長因為幫一個HIV的患者治療完，器械沒有另外打包，被消毒室姐姐衝到診間去罵了一頓，當時大家都把這件事當成偶發的笑話，也就過去了。</p><p>離開醫學中心，在診所工作好多年以後，才終於又聽說有HIV的患者。這次助理用一種很緊張的態度告訴我，另一位醫師前一天幫一位HIV的患者洗牙喔，我想說他怎麼知道患者是HIV的，所以跑去問那位醫師本人。</p><p>過了一天，那位醫師還是很生氣的說：<br /><i style="font-size: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">「他病歷沒寫，OHI看起來還好啊，結果一洗下去，每一顆都流血，每一顆都超深，我就想他是不是有什麼系統疾病沒說，叫助理他們幫我看雲端，結果一看就有在吃那個藥啊。」</i></p><p>我心想我好多患者都是這樣。</p>								</div>
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									<p>後來聽助理說才知道其實幾位醫師最近都有遇到，幾次下來，我們診所慢慢摸索出了一套流程，除了標準的消毒，還有在櫃檯就先查看患者的雲端藥歷。診所內也有些醫師直接跟櫃檯說他不要接這種患者，這些患者來掛號的時候，櫃檯只好另外一個一個去問曾經願意看的醫師願意看嗎？有空看嗎？</p><p>那天終於被我接到了一個。</p><p>只要照標準的看診流程，其實看診是安全的，只要患者有乖乖接受治療，他們幾乎都是病毒量低到驗不到。平常看診要把每一個患者都當成潛在的傳染疾病傳染者，尤其沒有就醫的更危險。這些牙醫系都有教，我都知道，但我還是好緊張。</p><p>這份緊張不只為我，也為我剛懷孕的助理，我壓力大，她的壓力一定更大，她會不會希望她跟的是那些不看的醫師，她會不會想要離職，萬一她不小心針扎，我真的會很擔心。內心不斷小劇場，一直說服自己，小心就好，慢慢來，不要緊張。但我好緊張誒。</p><p>從倉庫找出評鑑時診所買的隔離衣，面罩，我跟助理把該戴的該貼的該穿的，都好了，助理跟我看著X光片，討論著這顆不能留了吧。走吧。</p>								</div>
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									<p>比我更緊張的患者坐在治療椅上，跟我說這顆牙不是第一次痛了，但是這次吃止痛藥也沒用，痛了好幾天了。以前有給其他醫師看，他們說他們沒辦法處理，聽到這裡我猜想是同業不想接這個患者。</p><p>患者聽我跟他說明，這顆牙齒預後很差，要拔掉，可是因為現在發炎太嚴重了，所以要先局部清洗，吃三天份的抗生素，約下次拔牙。患者一直說好好好，好那我們就開始治療，洗牙機一洗下去真的是大流血，我跟助理小心翼翼的洗，患者也緊張得雙手握緊直到療程結束。起來漱口後，患者一直說跟我說謝謝，真的很少遇到患者這麼有禮貌，有點感動。其實也沒什麼大不了，好像是自己嚇自己比較多。</p><p>後來遇到的HIV患者通常都很準時，也都好有禮貌，看完都會說謝謝。治療計劃也從一開始以最單純症狀解除為主，漸漸會建議一些重建的選項，一些牙周的定期治療也會先約。</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="500" height="750" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/doctor10-p1.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-12838" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/doctor10-p1.jpg 500w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/doctor10-p1-200x300.jpg 200w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/doctor10-p1-370x555.jpg 370w" sizes="(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px" />															</div>
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									<p>我跟助理從一開始的神經兮兮，到後來會討論他們好像都身材保持得不錯，看起來都乾乾淨淨，大部分都很認真刷牙，也很認真的對待治療計劃。也跟一些患者建立有互動的醫病關係，一切都很正常到很普通的程度。</p>
<p>現在看到HIV的患者，已經不會有什麼壓力，就像一般日常。</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-finally-met-and-well-now/">終於遇到 ・ 現在很好</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>九百萬的煎熬</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-nine-million-torment/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Sep 2022 01:00:51 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[感染者經驗]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=12783</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>對於確診這件事情我非常非常的平靜，一天一顆藥，三個月回診一次，藥物幾乎沒副作用，實在不知道要擔心甚麼。直到牙科診所提醒我牙齒矯正要回診，掛掉電話的那一刻，我才意識到我遇到麻煩了，我不知道該跟誰討論，通常面對就診焦慮甚至侵權事件，我都是冷靜的那一個...</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-nine-million-torment/">九百萬的煎熬</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 24px;">作者：波吉王子</span><br /><span style="font-size: 16px;">文章背景資訊：2022年，桃園診所<br /></span></p>								</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><b>波吉王子親自發聲，<br>把自己的牙科就診經驗說給你聽<br></b></span></p>								</div>
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									<p>擁有感染者身分之前，我陪了很多的朋友去就診，每一次的出櫃都是場賭注，發生過在告知後被以各種方式拒診，也有過做好被退掛的心理準備卻甚麼事情都沒發生。有些朋友不忍看到感染者屢次就醫受阻，乾脆加入醫療體系，立志成為友善醫療的先鋒，有些朋友致力於倡議，希望去除汙名與歧視，有些朋友則是努力地收集友善醫療名單，減少感染者在各醫療院所顛沛流離之苦，還有些朋友成為了公衛體系的一部分，維護體制應盡的責任，大家一起的話，或許就可以比較勇敢。</p><p>對於確診這件事情我非常非常的平靜，一天一顆藥，三個月回診一次，藥物幾乎沒副作用，實在不知道要擔心甚麼。直到牙科診所提醒我牙齒矯正要回診，掛掉電話的那一刻，我才意識到我遇到麻煩了，我不知道該跟誰討論，通常面對就診焦慮甚至侵權事件，我都是冷靜的那一個，我覺得自己應該要勇敢，或者我不該讓其他人發現我害怕，否則該如何說服其他人，愛滋不是讓生命翻天覆地的事。</p><p>我反覆地沙盤推演要不要告知醫生我感染的事情，矯正到底算不算是侵入性治療？我是要一進診所就馬上說，還是躺上診療椅後再說？最後我甚麼都沒說，頭腦空白的結束了該次的治療。我曾故意不帶健保卡，想說不插卡就不用面對，但也無法一直沒不帶健保卡，遞出健保卡那次，很擔心會被趕出診所，所幸擔心的事情沒有發生，但總覺得診所還是知道了，開始被排在當天的最後一床，甚至有幾次整個晚上就只有我一個病人，牙助變多，醫生的防護似乎更多了些。矯正結束後要進行植牙時，醫生表示牙齦萎縮太嚴重，診所沒辦法進行，我心中的小警報響了一下，想說這就是傳說中的推翻原本的治療計畫拒診嗎？醫生建議我去長庚，但網路上查到長庚植牙中心的資料清楚地寫著愛滋病患況不適合植牙，我掙扎了很久到底要不要去弄清楚自己到底是愛滋還是牙齦太薄不適合植牙，但我不敢面對於是跟診所說我錢不夠，不考慮植牙了。診所覺得不能植牙很可惜後幫我安排後續的療程。</p><p>有次躺在診療椅上看到顯示器上自己有註記精神及HIV，那一瞬間我焦慮到不行，想說是故意要讓我知道他們知道了，還是他們其實也沒注意到這些註記，診所的態度是這麼自然，HIV只是眾多註記中的一個小小註記，一點都不特別。</p><p>確診後到現在仍舊很孬地不敢面對這一切，每次結束看診，我都痛苦糾結起訴自己，審判自己，即便罰鍰接近900萬的時候，我仍無法放過自己。</p><p>相較於20年前醫療環境友善許多，但不安害怕恐懼都仍是真實的，想了又想覺得關鍵或許是出在那看似保障每位感染者，但也深深束縛住大家的人類免疫缺乏病毒傳染防治及感染者權益保障條例上，不論是21條5年以上12年以下有期徒刑或者是22條的新臺幣3萬元以上15萬元以下罰鍰，一而再再而三的地提醒，這不是一個普通的慢性傳染病，希望在不久的將來，我們都能自在地接受這一切，不用每次起訴審判自己，沒有刑期沒有罰鍰。</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-nine-million-torment/">九百萬的煎熬</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>踏破鐵鞋，尋牙醫</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-long-journey-to-find-a-dentist/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 Sep 2022 01:01:20 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[感染者經驗]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=12673</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>去年一月，我牙齒右後方蛀牙，就打算去就醫看診，結果跑了幾家診所沒人願意看，所以我就不太敢再去找，想說也沒症狀，就這樣放著，放著放著一年過了，就在今年三月同樣位置右後方蛀牙從小洞變成了大洞，就在某一天的晚上，我痛到輾轉難眠、冒冷汗、頭昏...</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-long-journey-to-find-a-dentist/">踏破鐵鞋，尋牙醫</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 24px;">作者：陶育</span><br /><span style="font-size: 16px;">文章背景資訊：2021-2022年，高雄診所與台南醫院<br /></span></p>								</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><b>陶育親自發聲，<br>把自己的牙科就診經驗說給你聽<br></b></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="458" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/09/person09-p2.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-12691" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/09/person09-p2.jpg 600w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/09/person09-p2-300x229.jpg 300w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/09/person09-p2-370x282.jpg 370w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" />															</div>
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									<p>近兩年才真正意識到我是確確實實的HIV感染者，同時讓我明白雖然政府以及相關友善單位已經很努力去宣導有關愛滋健康的正確資訊，周遭卻還是充滿了歧視，那些根深柢固的污名化，真的讓我心生畏懼。</p>
<p>我是在2018年07月25日被宣判我需要終身服藥才能續命，那個當下我異常沉默，也上網查資訊，也去陽光酷兒中心諮詢，其實只要定期看診、拿藥，以及定期抽血追蹤，維持測不到病毒量，就可以與常人無異，因此我並不覺得有什麼，硬要說就是會比較容易感到疲累。</p>
<p>去年一月，我牙齒右後方蛀牙，就打算去就醫看診，結果跑了幾家診所沒人願意看，所以我就不太敢再去找，想說也沒症狀，就這樣放著，放著放著一年過了，就在今年三月同樣位置右後方蛀牙從小洞變成了大洞，就在某一天的晚上，我痛到輾轉難眠、冒冷汗、頭昏，而我有個莫名的堅持，就是不吃止痛藥，因為這樣我才能知道我哪裡在痛，哪裡需要去處理。</p>
<p>終於撐到了隔天早上九點，跑遍了三家診所，由於剛好處在疫情期間，加上櫃台通常都是未經過專業訓練的人員，直接大聲地問我：「健保卡有你去民生醫院就診紀錄，拿抗病毒藥物那是什麼?」<br>我回：「HIV患者要吃的。」<br>櫃檯就說：「那是什麼?」<br>我回：「就是免疫力不好在吃的。」<br>櫃台人員：「什麼?」<br><span style="font-size: inherit;">然後直接轉頭朝著牙醫大聲問：「這個先生說他有HIV，那是什麼?」<br></span><span style="font-size: inherit;">醫生也大聲回答：「沒聽過，先請他去別間看。」</span></p>
<p>現場我整個超尷尬，大家都在看我，我趕緊抽回健保卡離開現場，忍著痛到要去撞牆的牙痛，去了剩下有營業的診所，結果都是一樣的。我漫無目的騎著機車，但牙痛到視線已經開始有點模糊，我就在一間寺廟停好機車，去裡面的坐著，然後睡著。當再次清醒，少說睡了有一個小時，衣服都是濕的，可是牙痛比較沒有感覺了，我踉蹌地走到洗手台洗把臉，抬頭一看我的眼睛好腫喔~想必是有哭過的。我對著鏡子中的我，喊話：「對，你就是HIV患者，這個疾病有些人不是很了解，包括醫生，所以你不能責怪他們不願意幫你看診，再找找，台南會有對於這個疾病有了解且願意醫治我的專業醫師。」於是我就過著將近一個月的牙痛生活。</p>
<p>就在四月參加某場聚會，得知其實台南的一家大醫院對於HIV患者很友善，而且有夜診可以看。於是我就去掛號，很順利的是一名約聘的男牙醫師，他說：「你怎麼能撐那麼久?」我有點難為情的回：「因為身分關係，一直吃閉門羹。」帥氣男醫生：「只要測不到病毒量基本上沒什麼，你放心我會慢慢幫你補起來，可是因為拖很久，進而影響不下五顆牙齒，所以很長的一段時間。」我就嬌羞地回：「遇到你真好，我會乖乖來看你幫我預約的門診的。」終於經過四個多月，該補的都補了，但他是有特別加班幫我補牙的，因為他說他只做到七月底了。我很感動也很難過，感動的是他很負責任地完成幫我補好牙的約定，難過的是他要離開這家醫院，之後看牙醫不知道還能否遇到如此細心、手法高超，且十分負責的牙醫師，我已經焦慮到現在，希望會有理想的男牙醫師與我相遇。</p>
<p>我的牙齒已經有點痛痛的感覺～好害怕。</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-long-journey-to-find-a-dentist/">踏破鐵鞋，尋牙醫</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>也許我們能試著了解彼此的困境</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-try-to-understand-difficulties/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 Sep 2022 01:00:05 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[牙醫觀點]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=12675</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>這是屬於愛滋感染者的牙科困境，也是愛滋友善牙醫的困境。你知道自己正在做一件對的事，卻只敢安靜地、默默地做。年輕時曾經跟學長聊天，提到為什麼大家這麼不願意幫愛滋感染者進行治療呢？「我覺得是機會成本的問題。雖然我們都會有防護裝備，但是你能確定在這些防護下就能確保我們100%不受感染...」</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-try-to-understand-difficulties/">也許我們能試著了解彼此的困境</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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									作者：愛滋感染友善的口外醫師								</div>
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									<p>在編寫這篇文章前，我一度思考<b>需不需要使用本名</b>來說話。第一是起一個拋磚引玉的作用，讓更多對於愛滋感染者友善的牙醫願意以自身經驗出來發聲，當一個議題的發聲量夠大時，社會接受度也會慢慢提高一些。第二就是我內心不覺得對愛滋感染者的相挺是什麼丟臉跟需要躲躲藏藏的事情。</p><p>但是另一個面向的我，立即想到這麼做<b>可能產生的種種後果</b>。雖然我對於做的事情問心無愧，但是很難保身邊的助理或者其他醫師願意接受這個觀點，反而造成工作上的針鋒相對。二來是自己公開的同志身份也會被過度解讀，雙重的刻板印象之下，似乎更難對目前的醫療現場有什麼改善。</p><p>這是屬於愛滋感染者的牙科困境，也是愛滋友善牙醫的困境。你知道自己正在做一件對的事，卻只敢安靜地、默默地做。</p>								</div>
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									<p><b>年輕時的我曾經跟學長聊天，提到為什麼大家這麼不願意幫愛滋感染者進行治療呢？</b></p><p>『我覺得是機會成本的問題。雖然我們都會有防護裝備，但是你能確定在這些防護下就能確保我們100%不受感染呢？大家都多數是有家庭跟穩定生活的人，為了多賺一點點錢，多半是不願意去承擔這種風險的。』</p><p>這席話在邏輯上很弔詭，因為你也不能100%確定在你面前自稱健康的病人是真的健康病人。但是對於醫療人員也是人，對於某些充滿負面標籤的疾病有所顧忌的心，我的確也不能反駁什麼。目前愛滋病患接受治療控制後能夠跟一般人相同生活水平、血液中的病毒量也低到無傳染性，這是有接受感染控制課程的牙醫都必定知道的知識。</p>								</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 24px;"><b>知識固然是一切治療的基礎，但是卻無法消弭感性上對於疾病標籤的恐懼。</b></span></p>								</div>
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									<p>我認為幾個感性的策略也許能讓愛滋感染者得到更好的治療。換句話說，就是我比較偏好且願意幫助這些特質的病人。</p>
<p><b>第一，不要隱匿病情。<br>
</b>如果你有在進行藥物控制愛滋，在健保的雲端藥歷上其實都能清楚看見，多數狀況下如果病人沒有主動告知，我也會以一個較低的音量主動詢問。但是病人願意主動告知且告訴我控制狀況所給予的信賴感，會比我自己發現高得多。</p>
<p><b>第二，找一個讓你有安全感的醫師。<br>
</b>這個老實說超級困難，但是試著慢慢跟醫師培養起信賴感，我認為是很重要的事（當然那些你明顯感到不友善的醫師除外）。病人不喜歡醫師推託自己，醫師一樣不喜歡病人到處一直到處換醫師（我們稱之為hospital shopping）。能找到一個讓你有信賴感而且不會閃躲你的醫師必須付出一些努力，但是當你有任何特殊需求問題的時候，醫師之間的轉介，會遠比你自己四處碰壁求助無門的好。</p>								</div>
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									<p><b>第三，對於自己病情的良好控制。<br></b>定期回感染科門診控制病情，並且告訴你的牙醫師你的狀況很穩定，你的牙醫會覺得安心很多。就跟醫師知道病人需要安全感，所以會主動告知即將做的治療一樣，感染者能夠照顧好自己，讓醫師在醫療行為時感到安心，也是醫師希望照顧的部分。</p>
<p>健康需要被照顧，人的心也是。醫病關係其實也是人際關係的一種，相信在更有互信的互動中，屬於愛滋感染者的標籤能夠慢慢隨著時間越來越少。</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-try-to-understand-difficulties/">也許我們能試著了解彼此的困境</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>安心接受的緊張</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-calmly-accept-tension/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 2022 01:00:24 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[感染者經驗]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=12255</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>恢復室等候的同時，就聽到櫃檯有人大聲尖叫道：「剛剛那位是HIV Positive！」分貝之大，大到恢復室都是那位尖叫女子的聲音。我不確定我當下的表情，但應該就是出現「此人已死，有事燒紙」這樣的窘態吧。後續護理人員跟我說的對話也早已無心回應，只想盡早離開那個「友善空間」...</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-calmly-accept-tension/">安心接受的緊張</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
]]></description>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 24px;">作者：大B</span><br /><span style="font-size: 16px;">發生年代/場域：2022/北市診所<br /></span></p>								</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><b>大B親自發聲，<br>把自己的牙科就診經驗說給你聽<br></b></span></p>								</div>
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									<p>從小到大「看牙醫」對我而言一直都有種莫名恐懼。從進了診間，坐上診療椅到嘴巴張開之後，全身的每一個細胞都是繃緊的。成為愛滋感染者之後，莫名的恐懼更大了!</p>
<p>感染後的這些日子，我都沒踏進過牙科診所，所以連基本的洗牙都忽略，以至於造成牙周病的問題。這次因為牙齦腫大疼痛，在權促的臉書看到可提供友善牙科診所的資訊，於是透過訊息傳遞，得到了家裡附近的友善牙科診所名單。也不知道從何時開始，我習慣用文字訊息代替言語通話，遇到這種類似「難以啟齒」的問題(不是有多麼罪惡或是羞澀，就是不知道怎麼開口啊!)，反而能夠更方便地得到答案。</p>
<p>選定了得意牙科診所，就到官網瀏覽各項服務內容，從選定醫師、確認地址、與開診時間，到我最習慣的文字聯繫(用LINE掛號)，一切都不尷尬，而且都在我的理解之中，少去了許多的想像，讓我更安心。一開始選定的曾醫師，之前也有感染者朋友推薦，但總覺得牙齒沒有特別病痛還能撐著，也沒去正視牙周病的問題。</p>
<p>就當一切以為順利進行時，老天還是考驗了我一下。診所回復訊息:「曾醫師這個月請休假，要下個月才會複診，可以幫您安排其他醫師呢?」話說「友善診所」，我還是會擔心是否只有某些醫師友善?我要如何面對可能會被拒絕的場面?很多畫面都在想像之中，更是恐懼。至於是否告知感染身份與否的主張，不在我今天想描述的經驗內。透過LINE文字的匿名安心，我送出了「我是HIV感染者… 也會擔心其他醫師的接受度」這樣卑微又似有禮的文字，這是我常用「以退為進」的手段，我只是為了避免日後可能的尷尬與衝突，讓自己存在可控的安全下。內心是難受的…</p>
<p>診所直接回應我「可以幫您安排明天12:00王醫師!」當下我有點訝異，我禮貌性回復「非常感謝」，更訝異的是診所再留了一個訊息「我們診所的醫師都可以接受的，不用擔心。」</p>
<p>後來男友陪我依照時間前往，雖然就醫過程還是很緊張，但是為了牙齒健康，讓我更安心接受這緊張了！</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-calmly-accept-tension/">安心接受的緊張</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>學校及臨床醫學教育對我看感染者的影響</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-impact-of-dental-education-on-me/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 2022 01:00:11 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[牙醫觀點]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=12016</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>為HIV感染者看診，需要足夠的預防措施學養；但同時間，並不需要「特別的」學識背景。因為，即使未在病歷上註記為帶原的患者，我們仍需要遵照「標準常規預防措施」在進行處理。然而，真正「額外的」、「特別的」教育準備，其實是心態建立..</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-impact-of-dental-education-on-me/">學校及臨床醫學教育對我看感染者的影響</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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									<p>作者：Hi,Dr.V團隊 游士緯牙醫師<br />特別感謝：伊果大叔 協助校稿</p>								</div>
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									<p><i>真正額外的、特別的教育準備，<br>其實是心態建立，<br>如何一視同仁地為患者看診。</i></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="990" height="715" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/07/doctor07-p3.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-12163" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/07/doctor07-p3.jpg 990w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/07/doctor07-p3-700x506.jpg 700w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/07/doctor07-p3-300x217.jpg 300w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/07/doctor07-p3-768x555.jpg 768w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/07/doctor07-p3-370x267.jpg 370w" sizes="(max-width: 990px) 100vw, 990px" />															</div>
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									<p>為HIV感染者看牙問診，是否需要特別的學養？</p><p>針對這個問題，我只能說，<br />是的，需要足夠的預防措施學養；<br />但同時間，我也要說，<br />並不需要「特別的」學識背景。</p><p>該怎麼解釋這似是而非的答案呢？<br />讓我先從我自己的學習背景說起。</p>								</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 28px;"><b>大學 /</b></span><br />身為陽明牙98級（92年入學），是第一屆醫三牙二合併上課的學生。一年級課表塞滿了醫學系一、二年級所必修的專業課程，只為了升上二年級時能順利銜接醫學系三年級共同上課的課程。在水深火熱之中，其實幾乎感覺不到自己是名牙醫系的學生，所幸當時有門牙醫學概論課程。課程中，有國內領先採用，與國外醫學教育同步的「問題引導式教學」（Problem-based learning, PBL），也略略介紹了牙醫系三年級後牙醫本科的學習課程。在學期快結束時，有位提供HIV感染者看診的牙醫師，受邀來分享他的心路感想。在當時大家還視愛滋病為絕症，為感染者看診時內心壓力是多麼大，以及來自家人與配偶阻力，希望他不要做這麼冒險的事情；萬一被傳染，不但牙醫的生涯就毀了，家庭又該如何維持。搞得他每次看診都像林覺民一樣，要寫〈與妻訣別書〉，慷慨赴義似的，為感染者看牙治療。也提到他是如何徹底執行感染控制，保護自己也保護其他病患。</p><p>在大學課程裡，我所學習到的「一般性預防措施」（universal precautions），是假定每位病患都是血液傳染疾病的帶原者，所以會使用戴手套、手術口罩等措施，來預防血液及帶血體液的暴露而造成感染，例如B型肝炎、C型肝炎及HIV病毒等。1996年美國CDC將「一般性預防措施」概念延伸，預防未知新型態的呼吸道病毒，例如：SARS、MARS以及現在的COVID-19並改稱為「標準常規預防措施」（standard precautions）。所謂的「標準常規預防措施」是，不僅只考量存在血液、體液的暴露風險，同時還考慮到空氣、飛沫等傳染途徑。包含呼吸道防護的N95口罩、防噴濺的面罩以及隔離衣等個人防護裝備使用。</p><p>綜合了課程上的學習心得，以及為HIV感染者看診的牙醫師現身說法的經驗分享，我了解到，面對HIV感染者的牙科診療，只要好好做好標準防護措施、實踐預防針扎的措施（單手回套針套、在清消器械時配戴較厚手套，先初步刷洗後送消、使用安全針具、刀具，以及確實回收尖銳器械，並妥善地放置或丟棄至回收桶等）就能心無罣礙的當作一般病患一樣看診，不會因為心理有額外壓力造成失誤。</p><p><span style="font-size: 28px;"><b>實習研究所 /</b></span><br />在台北榮總實習時，看到醫學系的老師們在接受緊急病患時，根本沒有餘裕去查明該位病患有無傳染性疾病，就開始進行常規的急救和醫療處置；即使過程中醫護同仁得知該病患是HIV感染者也不會中斷手頭的治療，來進行額外的預防措施，只為了「更加完備防護」自身受到傳染的可能。就連身處高位的主治醫師都以身作則，無分別的為一般病患及HIV感染者治療。依循著這樣以身作則的風範，底下跟隨的住院醫師們也勇敢地投入，只為爭取關鍵的一分一秒，好能夠從死神的手中救回病患。當時身為實習醫師的我深受震撼及感動，真的能驕傲地向世人表示：「當我進入醫業時，病人的健康應為我輩首要的顧念；我將不容許有任何考量介乎我的職責和病人之間。」（節錄自希波克拉底醫師誓詞）也讓我想起陽明的校訓：「We’re second to none!」</p><p>在台大臨床牙醫研究所李苑玲醫師的指導下，我接受牙髓病學的專科訓練，更是為我日後提供HIV感染者提供進階的複雜根管治療，奠基了方向和學術及臨床基礎。從李醫師自身非常重視診間的感染控制流程：包括無菌區和操作區分離、穿脫手套及洗手時機、進行治療前的消毒，以及器械和操作區域保持無菌概念。此外，她也不會為了繁瑣的治療流程，就對於感染控制流程折衷讓步。身為主治醫師的她，更親自為感染者看診，沒有丟包給總醫師進行治療，讓我深感欽佩。不是每位主治醫師都願意這樣做。</p><p><span style="font-size: 28px;"><b>PGY導師 /</b></span><br />在診所，身為PGY導師的我，是幫正式進入牙科治療的學弟妹提供自身臨床治療經驗分享與負責教學。因為自己在診所就會替HIV感染者看診，也會將更新的HIV知識和感染控制的觀念與學弟妹分享。</p><p>其中包括<a href="https://iknowledge.info/abouthiv-u-equal-u" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><u>U=U（測不到病毒量=不具感染力，治療即預防傳染）</u></a>，由於台灣良好的公衛體系控制得當，<a href="https://www.rti.org.tw/news/view/id/2118183?fbclid=IwAR3mgn1c6Y2qJTl-a2mR791TtGRRF-7RAYkPyXqgCvddvxE43s81ZUFPaBE" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><u>於2021年已達90%已知確認並列管；94%列管感染者已開始服藥控制；95%服藥控制的感染者已達到測不到病毒量的公衛目標</u></a>，超過全球控制目標。在台灣，HIV服藥控制的感染者基本上與患有慢性病的一般人餘命沒有差異等觀念。</p>								</div>
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									<p>介紹到此，相信大家能比較了解，為何我認為，為HIV感染者看診，需要足夠的預防措施學養；但同時間，並不需要「特別的」學識背景。<span style="font-size: inherit;">因為，即使未在病歷上註記為帶原的患者，我們仍需要遵照「</span><b style="font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit;">標準常規預防措施</b><span style="font-size: inherit;">」在進行處理。</span></p><p>然而，真正「額外的」、「特別的」教育準備，其實是心態建立，如何一視同仁地為患者看診？我覺得惟有身教，才能在後進的學弟妹心中種下一個「成為HIV感染者友善牙醫師」這樣的種子。興許，過些時日，能夠扎根萌芽。</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-impact-of-dental-education-on-me/">學校及臨床醫學教育對我看感染者的影響</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>為 HIV 感染者看牙診治，其實沒有障礙？</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-are-there-any-obstacles/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 24 Aug 2022 01:00:45 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[牙醫觀點]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=11810</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>曾經遇到一個年輕病患後牙蛀牙相當嚴重，好幾顆牙齒已經看不出原本外形。牙肉上有不少因為嚴重發炎而造成的牙齦膿包。光是看著就覺得當時一定忍耐了好久的牙痛卻沒有接受治療。我內心翻了好幾個白眼：這個病患一定配合度很低，常常只來處理完疼痛的地方，就沒有回診完成後續的治療...</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-are-there-any-obstacles/">為 HIV 感染者看牙診治，其實沒有障礙？</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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									<p>作者：Hi,Dr.V團隊 游士緯牙醫師<br />特別感謝：伊果大叔 協助校稿</p>								</div>
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									<p><em>你就是因為……才會染上HIV，<br />你是有罪的！</em></p>								</div>
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									<p>曾經遇到一個年輕病患後牙蛀牙相當嚴重，好幾顆牙齒已經看不出原本外形。牙肉上有不少因為嚴重發炎而造成的牙齦膿包；牙肉也因為好一段時間沒有洗牙而累積了一層厚厚的牙結石，造成牙齦紅腫發炎流血。光是看著就覺得當時一定忍耐了好久的牙痛卻沒有接受治療。</p><p>我內心翻了好幾個白眼：這個病患一定配合度很低，常常只來處理完疼痛的地方，就沒有回診完成後續的治療。</p><p>所以常規問診時就問到多久沒洗牙？目前牙齒哪裡是最不舒服、最想先處理的地方。</p><p>沒想到，我會聽到這樣的故事……</p>								</div>
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									<p>其實，他是個HIV感染者。因為多次被牙科診所拒診，甚至在來電詢問有沒有辦法幫感染者看診時就被櫃檯人員婉拒；也曾經到個管師介紹的友善牙科診所就診，沒想到，填寫初診病歷就感受到櫃檯人員及助理在旁竊竊私語，對他投以不友善的眼神上下打量。當次看診牙醫師雖然有幫忙做完初步處理，後續又以「希望能到感染控制及器械消毒規格較高的大醫院完成後續治療」的理由，就沒再幫忙安排接下來的治療時間。</p><p>他沒有勇氣去牙科求診，只因為他不想要再面對背後的耳語、被當作次等公民的評判眼神（你就是因為……才會染上HIV，你是有罪的！）當他每次牙痛難耐時，他會使用類似掏耳朵的工具去挖蛀牙，或是吞止痛藥，嘗試各種方法，只冀望能舒緩一點點的牙疼。比起牙疼，不友善且充滿批判性的眼神和竊竊私語，更像是一把把無形的利刃，將他被病痛折磨的身心，一道道，割下他已僅存無幾的身為人的自尊和自信。</p><p>所以，在我沒有對他明顯有異樣眼神或是神態慌張時，他明顯地鬆了一口氣，甚至眼角已經微微泛起淚光。我先幫他拍攝了X光片，稍作解釋，準備幫他上麻藥來進行後續的治療。當時，他顫顫巍巍地跟我說：「醫師，你在上麻藥的時候要注意，小心不要受傷喔！」當時我的內心五味雜陳，心想到底他是承受多少的委屈，得如此低聲下氣，請求為他看診的醫護同仁注意自身安全，避免被他傳染。</p><p>我回應他：「其實你有好好回診追蹤並且定時服用抗病毒藥物，以現在的藥物控制，你體內的病毒量應該已經測不到了，也代表，不太有傳染的風險；就算我們真的不小心被針扎，也會有相對應的事後預防感染投藥。你就好好放輕鬆，等等麻藥作用後，如果還有不舒服就要馬上讓我知道，我對自己上麻藥的技術還挺有自信的！」是的，我只希望能夠用打趣的語氣，讓他對於自己減少一些些負罪感。也讓他了解，就因為他有定時服藥追蹤，所以他就和一般病患無異，不需要擔心會將HIV病毒傳染給其他人。</p>								</div>
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									<p>其實，HIV病毒在體外的存活時間比起常見血液體液傳染的B型肝炎以及C型肝炎來說，真的是不堪一擊；甚至現在大流行的COVID-19新冠病毒，能夠存活在光滑表面上將近一星期。</p><p><a href="https://www.lourdes.org.tw/OnePage_List.aspx?tid=233&amp;id=114#:~:text=A%EF%BC%9AHIV%E6%84%9B%E6%BB%8B%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92,%E4%B8%A6%E7%84%A1%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%AF%E8%83%BD%E3%80%82" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><u>HIV病毒只需要75%酒精噴灑後，表面停留30秒後擦拭就可以有效的消毒。</u></a></p>								</div>
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									<p>目前針對新冠病毒，醫師看診時都會假定患者可能是無症狀感染者，採取標準常規預防措施（standard precautions）：手套、隔離衣、N95口罩、遮蔽眼睛的防潑濺面罩及髮帽等，這些個人防護工具其實就足以避免血液傳染的疾病。看診時，也不需要戴兩層手套，除了手套太緊不舒服而且太厚沒有手感，也可能因為太緊張，害怕可能被針扎，給了自己無謂的心理壓力，反而讓醫護同仁沒辦法專心在手頭上的治療工作，增加了犯下失誤的風險。</p><p>面對HIV感染者，其實無異於一般患者，只要確實依照常規預防措施：做到單手回套針套、在清消器械時配戴較厚手套，先初步刷洗後送消、使用安全針具、刀具以及確實回收尖銳器械並妥善地放置及丟棄尖銳器械回收桶等安全措施，都可以將針扎的機會降到最低。</p><p>還有，一般診所使用的高溫高壓消毒就可以確實殺死B型肝炎病毒，針對HIV病毒的消毒更是綽綽有餘。</p><p>近期，有另外一個感染者病患透過介紹來求診，一開始就要提供他的檢驗報告給我參考，我連忙說不需要，只要患者有規律服藥，對我來說就是一般病患。他娓娓道來他的故事：他同事的老公經營牙醫診所，介紹他去看診，一開始沒特別想到需要事先告知，某天他回診，那個牙醫查詢健保雲端藥歷系統發現他服用抗病毒藥物後，氣急敗壞地質問這位病患為什麼都沒有告知，所以就被拒絕後續回診繼續治療。<span style="font-size: inherit;">我就告知他：「現在很多醫療同仁都誤以為有服用抗病毒藥都是HIV感染者，其實服用</span><a style="font-size: inherit; background-color: #ffffff;" href="https://iknowledge.info/abouthiv-prep" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><u>事前預防投藥（PrEP）</u></a><span style="font-size: inherit;">或暴露後避免感染用藥（PEP）等狀況都有可能在雲端藥歷上有相關的用藥記錄。沒事，我可以後續幫你安排所需要的牙科治療。」</span></p>								</div>
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									<p><i>「從辭源上來說，患者意味著受難者。令人深為恐懼的倒不是受難，而是這種受難使人丟臉。」</i></p><p>蘇珊•桑塔格 Susan Sontag<br />〈愛滋病及其隱喻〉</p>								</div>
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									<p>如果，你是一名牙醫，下回有個病患在他的病歷上載明HIV+，<br />你會驚慌失措？還是戰戰兢兢，如臨大敵？<br />又或者，你會給他一個溫暖的微笑呢？</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-are-there-any-obstacles/">為 HIV 感染者看牙診治，其實沒有障礙？</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>感染者經驗之「難以開口的大門」</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-hard-to-open-the-door/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 24 Aug 2022 01:00:16 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[感染者經驗]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=10452</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>好幾次我都會向院方表明我的身份，並告知他們我的狀況如何，但護士總是會請主管或是當面拒絕我的掛號，並表明小診所沒有精良的設備，無法為我看診，希望我可以轉診至大醫院，以獲得更良好的醫療服務。但是，他們明明連C型肝炎都可以看？我為何會不行呢...</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-hard-to-open-the-door/">感染者經驗之「難以開口的大門」</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 24px;">作者：帥帥</span><br /><span style="font-size: 16px;">文章背景資訊：2017-2021年，桃園診所<br /></span></p>								</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><b>帥帥親自發聲，<br />把自己的牙科就診經驗說給你聽<br /></b></span></p>								</div>
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									<p>獲得被拒於門外的殊榮大概五年之久，每當要去看口腔相關的醫生時，便會讓我非常猶豫。因為每次想到要去診所掛號時，都會先詢問我有沒有特殊疾病史，是否抽菸咀嚼檳榔，起初好幾次我都會向院方表明我的身份，並告知他們我的狀況如何，但護士總是會請主管或是當面拒絕我的掛號，並表明小診所沒有精良的設備，無法為我看診，希望我可以轉診至大醫院，以獲得更良好的醫療服務。但是，他們明明連C型肝炎都可以看？我為何會不行呢？難道他們不會清潔牙科用具嗎？那是否Ｃ肝也會傳播出去呢？</p><p><span style="font-size: inherit;">嘗試幾次後，我也放棄去小診所看診，就算去小診所沒有表明身份，他們也會透過我的拿藥紀錄，去斷定我的身份，並表示婉拒。後來轉診大醫院後，牙科醫生對我的狀況似乎深感同情，同時又覺得很困擾，因為他知道這並非甚麼大問題，為什麼其他人都不能協助處理這個問題呢？一方面也會增加和集中到大醫院的門診。</span></p>
<p>我知道也有友善牙科可以去看，但友善牙科通常開設的診所並不是非常多，而且通常很偏遠，難以到達。例如我住桃園，如果要去找一間友善牙科，我可能需要跑到台北，或是桃園的大醫院，不然幾乎無法看牙醫。這部分的確滿造成困擾的。大多數時間，對於牙科的狀況，我是能不去就診就不去就診，除非緊急狀況，不然去找牙醫實在非常不方便。</p>
<p>起初在被拒絕的時候，會覺得很難過，因為身份的關係，似乎就被差別對待，或是對於自己似乎無法再獲得正常人的待遇，有著很深的煩惱。甚至當我被拒絕的同時，我內心滿是困惑，因為我不只是要擔心我是否會傳染給他人，我還要擔心是否護士對我有異樣的眼光，會不會對我有一些特殊的偏見。但，這也許就是所謂的宿命吧？因為事已至此，也是個事實，也只能自己消化，將悲傷化成樂觀，積極一點的面對世界吧？</p>
<p>最後，我想說，雖然看牙醫真的很麻煩，也很不方便，同時還有被拒絕的可能，但若能找到一間長期的友善牙科診所，真的會幫我們很大的忙。我在想大家應該很少被醫院拒絕的機會吧？想想如果有天，你生病了，卻無法就診，是什麼樣的感覺？也許就能夠體會我們的難處了。</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-hard-to-open-the-door/">感染者經驗之「難以開口的大門」</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>看牙醫之外，你還可以這樣做：牙醫師告訴你如何正確清潔口腔</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-how-to-clean-your-mouth/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Aug 2022 01:00:44 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[牙醫觀點]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=11191</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>良好、正確的口腔清潔習慣有助於維護身體健康，降低罹患蛀牙或牙周病的風險，以下將分享實用的口腔清潔建議。</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-how-to-clean-your-mouth/">看牙醫之外，你還可以這樣做：牙醫師告訴你如何正確清潔口腔</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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									<p>作者：Hi,Dr.V團隊 燈燈牙醫師</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="600" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/doctor02-p2.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-11542" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/doctor02-p2.jpg 800w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/doctor02-p2-700x525.jpg 700w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/doctor02-p2-300x225.jpg 300w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/doctor02-p2-768x576.jpg 768w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/doctor02-p2-370x278.jpg 370w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" />															</div>
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									<p>良好、正確的口腔清潔習慣有助於維護身體健康，降低罹患蛀牙或牙周病的風險，以下將分享實用的口腔清潔建議。本文為了輔助說明有提供實品照片，但未接受任何廠商贊助，特此聲明。</p>								</div>
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									<h2>為自己設定至少一天兩次潔牙時間</h2>								</div>
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									<p>理想上進食後即應清潔口腔，如果不方便也至少一天為自己安排兩次潔牙時間，一次務必安排在當天最後一次進食後(或是睡前)，並建議這次預留比較長的潔牙時間，另一次則可安排在早晨、中午或傍晚，依照每個人的口腔狀況不同，通常需預留5至10分鐘的潔牙時間。</p><p>參考自己的生活作息後設定潔牙時間非常重要，目的是要讓高品質的潔牙習慣融入日常生活作息，減少匆促潔牙或因忙碌而忘記潔牙的情況，有的患者會利用手機設定鬧鐘，鬧鐘一響就放下手邊工作先去潔牙，有的患者則會跟現有的生活習慣做結合，比方說睡前跟起床分別要服藥以及服用保健食品，吃完就接著潔牙。</p>								</div>
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									<h2>挑選適合的口腔清潔用品</h2>								</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 24px; color: #00a8b5;"><b>【牙刷】</b></span></p>								</div>
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									<ol><li>牙刷要「小」：小牙刷比較容易刷到後面的牙齒，甚至可以考慮搭配使用兒童牙刷(圖1)，針對不易刷到的牙齒部位加強清潔。</li><li>牙刷的刷毛要「軟」：軟毛牙刷較不易傷害牙齒表面。</li><li>牙刷要擺放在通風處：牙刷長期潮濕會導致發霉或滋生細菌，應將牙刷置於通風環境，若是衛浴環境通風不佳，建議可購買牙刷架將牙刷擺放在較通風的房間或窗邊。(圖2)</li><li>牙刷要定期更換：牙刷刷毛呈現彎曲狀態、牙刷長期未使用、已發霉或使用超過2~3個月就應更換新牙刷。</li><li>單束毛牙刷：特別難刷到的牙齒或是有佩戴固定式矯正器的時候，建議使用單束毛牙刷輔助清潔。</li><li>電動牙刷：正確使用電動牙刷的清潔效果與手動牙刷差異不大，可依照本身的喜好或需求選擇。</li></ol>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="650" height="470" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p1.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-11224" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p1.jpg 650w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p1-300x217.jpg 300w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p1-370x268.jpg 370w" sizes="(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px" />															</div>
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									<p>圖1. 兒童牙刷的刷頭比較小，能刷到難以清潔的死角。<span style="font-size: 15px;">圖片來源：<a href="https://laifong.com.tw/c6-%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E4%B9%B3%E7%89%99%E7%89%99%E5%88%B7.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><u>雷峰實業健康乳牙牙刷</u></a></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="768" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p2.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-11225" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p2.jpg 800w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p2-700x672.jpg 700w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p2-300x288.jpg 300w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p2-768x737.jpg 768w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p2-370x355.jpg 370w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" />															</div>
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									圖2. 若是衛浴環境不夠通風，建議利用牙刷架將牙刷置於通風處。<span style="font-size: 15px;">圖片來源：作者提供</span>								</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 24px; color: #00a8b5;"><b>【牙膏】</b></span></p>								</div>
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									<ol><li>一天使用兩次含氟量1000ppm以上的牙膏才有預防蛀牙的效果，可在牙膏的成分表上看到含氟量是否達到1000ppm(圖3)。</li><li>牙膏有保存期限，不建議使用過期的牙膏刷牙。</li></ol>								</div>
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									<p>圖3-1. 牙膏含氟量需高於1000ppm才有預防蛀牙的效果。</p>								</div>
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									<p>圖3-2. 氟有時會寫成英文大寫字母F。</p>								</div>
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									<span style="font-size: 24px; color: #00a8b5;"><b>【牙線 / 牙線棒】</b></span>								</div>
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									<ul><li>牙縫的清潔與牙齒表面的清潔一樣重要，由於牙刷無法有效清潔牙縫，因此必須使用牙線/牙線棒。</li><li>牙線的清潔效果比牙線棒更好，但操作困難度也相對較高，以下為使用牙線的示範影片：</li></ul>								</div>
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									<ul><li>請不要用牙籤清潔牙縫，因為清潔效果不佳又容易傷害牙肉。</li><li>口中有牙橋或是矯正器，可以使用三合一牙線輔助清潔(圖4)。</li></ul>								</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1eb6f41 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible" data-id="1eb6f41" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section" data-settings="{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}">
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						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-603c926 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="603c926" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="286" height="628" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p4.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-11228" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p4.jpg 286w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p4-137x300.jpg 137w" sizes="(max-width: 286px) 100vw, 286px" />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-cb30d5e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="cb30d5e" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p>圖4. 三合一牙線</p>								</div>
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			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6a24899 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="6a24899" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=7NnE6Le-UhA&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
							<div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline">
			<div class="elementor-video"></div>		</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-cb8b7bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="cb8b7bf" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p>(1) 牙橋示範影片</p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9c893ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer" data-id="9c893ed" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="spacer.default">
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			<div class="elementor-spacer-inner"></div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-df0f2ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="df0f2ee" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=E1c1jPG7OzY&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default">
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							<div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline">
			<div class="elementor-video"></div>		</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-460e619 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="460e619" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p>(2) 矯正器示範影片</p>								</div>
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					</div>
		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-85b2ada elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="85b2ada" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow">
					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9af15d3" data-id="9af15d3" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column" data-settings="{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-89c9ff2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="89c9ff2" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p><span style="font-size: 24px; color: #00a8b5;"><b>【牙間刷】</b></span></p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-38e3205 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="38e3205" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<ol><li>牙間刷清潔的位置與牙線類似但不完全相同(圖5)，牙縫較大或是牙周病患者，除了使用牙線清潔牙齒與牙齒互相接觸的部分，建議還要使用牙間刷加強清潔牙縫(圖6)。</li><li>牙間刷有不同的大小，牙間刷在牙縫中移動時應會感到稍有阻力，但不需要硬塞即可通過牙縫，並且牙間刷中間金屬的部分不會刮到牙齒(圖7)，第一次使用牙間刷建議從較小的尺寸開始嘗試，直到找出號數最大且符合上述說明的牙間刷來做使用。</li><li>市售牙間刷有I字型跟L字型，I字型較適用於前排牙齒，L字型全口皆適合使用，使用方式可參考影片：</li></ol>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-20b3a52 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="20b3a52" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=C1t_eaOL23s&quot;,&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
							<div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline">
			<div class="elementor-video"></div>		</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-30aea5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="30aea5c" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p>紅圈圈處<span style="font-family: &quot;Microsoft JhengHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;">(圖5-1.左圖)</span><span style="font-size: inherit;">與黃色區域</span><span style="font-family: &quot;Microsoft JhengHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;">(圖5-2.右圖)</span><span style="font-size: inherit;">都可以藉由牙線清潔，若是口內沒有牙縫較大或是牙周病的情況，建議使用牙線即可。若是牙縫較大或有牙周病會導致下圖中的黃色區域變大，則建議使用牙間刷輔助清潔，因為這種情況下單純使用牙線效果不佳。</span></p>								</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f6e7b9e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="f6e7b9e" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p><span style="font-size: 15px;">圖片來源：</span><br /><span style="font-size: 15px;">照片截自影片(1)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C1t_eaOL23s與影片(2)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YmNRbTlpxC0</span></p>								</div>
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		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-97fd079 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible" data-id="97fd079" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section" data-settings="{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}">
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			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-874d475 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="874d475" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="421" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p5-1.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-11229" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p5-1.jpg 800w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p5-1-700x368.jpg 700w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p5-1-300x158.jpg 300w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p5-1-768x404.jpg 768w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p5-1-370x195.jpg 370w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-20e8d8f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="20e8d8f" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p>圖5-1.</p>								</div>
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					</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="366" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p5-2.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-11230" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p5-2.jpg 800w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p5-2-700x320.jpg 700w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p5-2-300x137.jpg 300w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p5-2-768x351.jpg 768w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p5-2-370x169.jpg 370w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" />															</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0dede0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="0dede0c" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p>圖5-2.</p>								</div>
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					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-35ceeeb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible" data-id="35ceeeb" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section" data-settings="{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}">
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						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3a54ea8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="3a54ea8" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="525" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p6.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-11231" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p6.jpg 800w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p6-700x459.jpg 700w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p6-300x197.jpg 300w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p6-768x504.jpg 768w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p6-370x243.jpg 370w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" />															</div>
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				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-268836a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="268836a" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									圖6. 圖中黑色三角形區域建議要用牙間刷加強清潔，因為這個區域單純使用牙線的清潔效果不佳。<span style="font-size: 15px;">圖片來源：<a href="https://www.quora.com/Is-there-anyway-to-fix-black-triangles-in-your-teeth" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><u>www.quora.com</u></a></span>								</div>
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				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9b341b0" data-id="9b341b0" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
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						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d0c5d6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="d0c5d6d" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="334" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p7.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-11232" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p7.jpg 600w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p7-300x167.jpg 300w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p7-370x206.jpg 370w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" />															</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-743cb87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="743cb87" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<p>圖7. 牙間刷中間金屬的部分不應刮到牙齒，由於口內每顆牙齒狀況不同，也有可能需要準備2種不同大小的牙間刷。<span style="font-size: 15px;">圖片來源：<a href="https://health.gvm.com.tw/article/67847" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><u>健康遠見</u></a></span></p>								</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ca60f17 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="ca60f17" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow">
					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4a11442" data-id="4a11442" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column" data-settings="{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-dd0634b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="dd0634b" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<span style="font-size: 24px; color: #00a8b5;"><b>【漱口水】</b></span>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7550f3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="7550f3c" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<ol><li>漱口水僅有輔助口腔清潔的效果，漱口水無法取代牙刷、牙線等潔牙工具。</li><li>市售漱口水種類繁多，使用前務必詳閱使用說明或是先行諮詢牙醫師。</li><li>六歲以下兒童易誤吞漱口水，原則上不建議使用，若有特殊考量欲使用則應先諮詢兒童牙科醫師。</li></ol>								</div>
				</div>
					</div>
		</div>
					</div>
		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3c32e13 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="3c32e13" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section">
						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow">
					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a552eb8" data-id="a552eb8" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column" data-settings="{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}">
			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-957a141 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="957a141" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
									<p><span style="font-size: 24px; color: #00a8b5;"><b>【牙菌斑顯示劑】</b></span></p>								</div>
				</div>
				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-19a81a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="19a81a5" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
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									<ol><li>利用牙菌斑顯示劑可以將牙齒上的牙菌斑染色，幫助牙醫師或使用者觀察口內牙菌斑的分布並幫助提升潔牙效率。</li><li>居家使用牙菌斑顯示劑時的步驟：在棉花棒上滴3-5滴牙菌斑顯示劑並塗抹於牙齒上，塗抹後用清水漱口，不同廠牌的牙菌斑顯示劑可能呈現藍紫色或紅色等顏色，有的顯示劑甚至可以顯現出累積較久與新堆積上去的牙菌斑而呈現雙色(圖8)，在鏡子前用牙刷、牙線、牙間刷等潔牙工具將牙菌斑清潔乾淨。</li><li>在使用牙菌斑顯示劑時，建議使用者觀察是否有容易漏刷的區域，以及調整適合的刷牙力道大小，以能刷掉牙菌斑最小的力量為原則刷牙。</li><li>牙菌斑顯示劑並非藥物，可以視個人需求使用，建議剛開始確認刷牙的時候可以每一兩天使用一次，習慣潔牙的方式後改成每周或更久的時間使用一次。</li></ol>								</div>
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					</div>
		</div>
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		</section>
				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d719952 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible" data-id="d719952" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section" data-settings="{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}">
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="318" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p8.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-11233" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p8.jpg 600w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p8-300x159.jpg 300w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p8-370x196.jpg 370w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" />															</div>
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									<p>圖8. 塗過牙菌斑顯示劑後的牙齒。<br /><span style="font-size: 15px;">圖片來源：Taormina M et al., 2020.</span></p>								</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 24px; color: #00a8b5;"><b>【沖牙機】</b></span></p>								</div>
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									<ol><li>沖牙機可以沖洗牙齒表面、牙縫、牙齒與牙肉的交界處等區域，可輔助清潔食物殘渣和部分牙菌斑。</li><li>沖牙機目前尚無法取代牙刷、牙線與牙間刷，也無法提供牙科洗牙或牙周病治療的效果。</li></ol>								</div>
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									<h2>刷牙注意事項</h2>								</div>
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									<ol><li>每天至少使用兩次含氟量1000ppm以上的牙膏刷牙。</li><li>每次刷牙至少需2分鐘，若少於2分鐘口內可能殘留較多牙菌斑。</li><li>建議有順序性地刷牙以避免遺漏，比方說先刷上排牙齒再刷下排牙齒，依序由左而右先刷牙齒外側、再刷咬合面、最後刷牙齒內側，或是安排自己習慣的刷牙順序。</li><li>建議牙刷刷毛靠在牙齒和牙肉相交界處，將刷毛朝向牙肉方向傾斜 45 度，一次刷兩顆牙齒，同樣的位置反覆刷10下，刷牙力量過大或刷毛過硬會破壞牙齒並造成牙肉萎縮(圖9)，因此建議剛開始搭配牙菌斑顯示劑，確認是否有以最小的力道確實清除牙齒表面的牙菌斑。</li></ol>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="234" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/03/doctor02-p9.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-11234" alt="" />															</div>
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									<p>圖9. 刷牙力量過大會造成牙齒形狀被破壞(箭頭處)。<br /><span style="font-size: 15px;">圖片來源：<a href="https://pocketdentistry.com/etiology-and-predisposing-factors-to-dentin-hypersensitivity/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><u>pocketdentistry.com</u></a></span></p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-how-to-clean-your-mouth/">看牙醫之外，你還可以這樣做：牙醫師告訴你如何正確清潔口腔</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>感染者經驗之「電流」</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-the-electric-current/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Aug 2022 01:00:37 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[感染者經驗]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=10457</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>網友最後問了我的牙醫同學一個問題：「如果HIV帶原者在看診前就向你坦誠他的病史，那你會幫他看診嗎？」我同學說：「不會。」看到他的回應時，有道電流穿過我的大腦...</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-the-electric-current/">感染者經驗之「電流」</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[		<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="10457" class="elementor elementor-10457">
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									<p><span style="font-size: 24px;">作者：零卡汽水</span><br /><span style="font-size: 16px;">文章背景資訊：2018-2021年，桃園診所<br /></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="600" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/person06-p1.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-10935" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/person06-p1.jpg 600w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/person06-p1-100x100.jpg 100w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/person06-p1-300x300.jpg 300w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/person06-p1-150x150.jpg 150w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/person06-p1-370x370.jpg 370w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/person06-p1-90x90.jpg 90w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" />															</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><b>零卡汽水親自發聲，<br />把自己的牙科就診經驗說給你聽<br /></b></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="600" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/person06-p2.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-10936" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/person06-p2.jpg 800w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/person06-p2-700x525.jpg 700w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/person06-p2-300x225.jpg 300w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/person06-p2-768x576.jpg 768w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/person06-p2-370x278.jpg 370w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" />															</div>
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									<p>我有一個國中同學，大學讀的是牙醫系，後來開業當執業牙醫。</p><p>某天，我在臉書上看到他跟某個看上去是圈內人的網友在爭執「HIV帶原者看牙醫的權利」，網友認為只要一切安全措施都做好，幫Positive治療牙齒風險根本就趨近於零，我同學則認為HIV感染者有告知醫生自己慢性疾病史的必要（我之後才知道就算不說，只要調閱雲端藥歷，醫生們也能知道你的病史），最後網友問了他一個問題：「如果HIV帶原者在看診前就向你坦誠他的病史，那你會幫他看診嗎？」</p><p>我同學說：「不會。」</p><p>看到他的回應時，有道電流穿過我的大腦。</p><p>左上方那側的牙齒痛了好幾天，有時候覺得痛的是最後一顆臼齒，有時候卻感覺是另一顆牙在痛。某天下午，我到我家附近一間看起來挺高級的牙科診所掛號，牙科助理先帶我進X光室拍了張片子，過了一會，醫生在空蕩蕩的診所內跟我說，我有一顆尚未冒出來就蛀掉的智齒，是那顆智齒在發痛：「但這個治療會花一點時間，我們今天都預約滿了，可能無法幫你處理。」然後醫生就請我到櫃檯拿健保卡，我試著和櫃檯小姐預約其他幾天、甚至一週後的日期，助理有點為難的說：「牙科預約通常都會預約到兩週甚至一個月後，特別是你這種複雜的治療花的時間很長，不好卡時段，我們建議你可以去其他間牙科預約看看。」我看向四張空著的牙科治療椅，診間安靜的只剩音響放出的輕音樂，突然一道電流穿過我的大腦，拿著我的健保卡就離開了診所，連她有沒有退我掛號費都忘記了。</p><p>我靠著止痛藥渡過了幾個牙痛的時刻，在某個無風無雨的颱風假，我決定再找一間牙科試試看，這時的我除了不斷發痛的智齒，還多了一顆缺角的門牙，如果這間牙科願意幫我處理智齒，或許他也能幫我補好我的門牙。</p><p>掛完號後，我告訴櫃檯小姐我要拔智齒，後來的一切就像按下快轉鍵一樣，我躺上治療椅，醫生打了麻醉，然後割開牙齦，他使勁地拔出那顆作亂多時又躲躲藏藏的智齒，接著拿了一塊紗布要我咬著，然後說：「一到兩小時後就會止血，如果沒有就要去掛急診，臉頰會腫脹三天左右，基本上一週後就會恢復正常。」我咬著紗布問他：「那我的門牙什麼時候可以來處理？」醫生只是回我：「等你智齒完全解決再說。」接著他就離開座位到後方隔間，單方面結束了我們的對話，醫生關上門的瞬間，有一道電流穿過我的大腦。</p><p>我的智齒沒有完全被解決，原本智齒生長的地方留下一個小洞，吃東西時，常會有食物卡在那個洞中。後來我在社群網站上認識了一個牙醫，我們相談甚歡，幾乎每天都會聊天，早上聊晚上聊，天南地北什麼都聊，我把我臼齒後方的洞跟他說，他認為可能是殘根，說改天可以去他工作的診所找他處理。</p><p>某天，他突然問我認不認識圈內某個名人，我回他不認識，他告訴我：「今天他來我們診所看診，他居然有HIV耶！本來老闆想退他掛，但我看他痛得不行，就幫他看了，不過他的症狀要去看口腔外科，我們診所無法處理。」</p><p>又有一道電流穿過我的大腦。</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-the-electric-current/">感染者經驗之「電流」</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>以前我也怕麻煩</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-dont-bother-to-service/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 10 Aug 2022 01:00:33 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[牙醫觀點]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=11586</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>診所醫生、跟診助理也是常人，我們因為對於自己不知道，不了解的事容易產生恐惧，在學校老師對於面對傳染性病患及感控教得不多、甚至幾乎等於沒有，加上怕麻煩自己也曾一度不接受愛滋感染者的病人，後來發現HIV感染者確實很難在一般的牙科診所接受治療...</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-dont-bother-to-service/">以前我也怕麻煩</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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									<p>作者：開業小醫師</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="400" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor06-p5.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-11609" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor06-p5.jpg 600w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor06-p5-300x200.jpg 300w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor06-p5-370x247.jpg 370w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" />															</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="800" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor06-p4.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-11608" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor06-p4.jpg 600w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor06-p4-225x300.jpg 225w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor06-p4-370x493.jpg 370w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" />															</div>
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									<p>台灣社會對於愛滋感染者有著長期誤解，對於「HIV」、「AIDS」、「愛滋病」、「愛滋」等詞已有嚴重汙名化之現象，而醫事人員正是受此汙名化之影響，拒絕提供治療，感染者揭露感染狀態後，被醫院、診所轟出去的消息不勝其數，因此造成感染者無法得到公平的就醫權利。尤其健保署雲端藥歷開辦以來，許多牙醫診所假設備不足之名，行歧視之實，拒絕為感染者進行診療。</p><p><span style="font-size: inherit;">雖不能說是感同身受，在一次參與同志熱線的義工活動中得知，感染者看牙醫時，經常遭遇到拒絕或差別對待，深感訝異，所以後來在自己開業的診所，就絕不會拒絕HIV感染者上門看診。</span></p>								</div>
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									<p>診所醫生、跟診助理也是常人，我們因為對於自己不知道，不了解的事容易產生恐惧，在學校老師對於面對傳染性病患及感控教得不多、甚至幾乎等於沒有，加上怕麻煩自己也曾一度不接受愛滋感染者的病人，後來發現HIV感染者確實很難在一般的牙科診所接受治療，都是轉到大醫院或是放棄治療，覺得很心疼。深入研究了感染控制知識，讀了很多資料後了解HIV沒有想像中可怕，也知道愛滋病毒非常脆弱，感染控制層級只要按照一般的防護措施來做就好。</p><p>實話實說，B肝病毒比HIV還要容易存活在空氣中，牙科診所只要按照衛福部公告的「牙科感染管制措施指引」，對包括HIV在內的各種病毒的防護都「絕對足夠」。</p>								</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 26px;"><b>其實拒診不但違法，也沒有必要。</b></span><br />法定傳染疾病不只一種，只要確實執行感染控制的標準流程，<br />那已足以防禦包括HIV在內的各種病毒。</p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="600" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor06-p6-1.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-11611" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor06-p6-1.jpg 600w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor06-p6-1-100x100.jpg 100w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor06-p6-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor06-p6-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor06-p6-1-370x370.jpg 370w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2099/01/doctor06-p6-1-90x90.jpg 90w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" />															</div>
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									<p>再說，診所平時就應該將每一個病患當作有各種傳染疾病，確實做好標準的感染控制措施。診所裡所有器械和手術衣原本就有嚴格的消毒管理規則，單一包封好消毒後、清楚註明日期，使用後或過期就要重新消毒。</p><p>若遇到已知的HIV感染者、肝炎感染者，新冠肺炎康復者等法定傳染性病患，則將他們使用過的器械與一般器械分開消毒；每次看診完診間都會進行表面消毒，像是診間內各器材上張貼防護貼紙也都會替換的，而醫師與助理對任何病人執行治療時也都會配戴面罩的穿隔離衣，這些流程不僅保護自己也是保護病人。</p>								</div>
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									<p>對於現在後疫情時代，COVID-19傳染途徑對牙科醫師更為不友善，對於標準的感染控制措施更加需要落實執行，在台灣疫情嚴峻時，診所所有工作人員反而不擔心面對就醫病人，因為我們平常上班就全副裝備面，大家還嘲笑說外面的世界好危險，躲在診所比較安全。經此一疫，大家對法定傳染性疾病更加了解，對待染疫病人更應有同理心，了解到疾病不比歧視恐怖。</p><p>最後，希望醫師們把每一個病人都當成可能的感染者，便不會對任何真正的感染者有差別待遇，也期盼每間診所對HIV病友來說都能是友善環境。</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-dont-bother-to-service/">以前我也怕麻煩</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>感染者經驗之「如果我說我也很抱歉」</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-im-sorry-too/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 10 Aug 2022 01:00:25 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[女性]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[感染者經驗]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=10463</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>享受著美好的音樂的我被櫃檯小姐打斷，「小姐，不好意思喔？那個我們院長說要麻煩妳到大醫院去看」，當下一陣錯愕，我回她請問是什麼原因呢？她支支吾吾了半天，我才想起我上個禮拜才去回診了感染科.</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-im-sorry-too/">感染者經驗之「如果我說我也很抱歉」</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 24px;">作者：熊熊</span><br /><span style="font-size: 16px;">文章背景資訊：2021年，台北市診所<br /></span></p>								</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><b>熊熊親自發聲，<br />把自己的牙科就診經驗說給你聽<br /></b></span></p>								</div>
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									<p>2021年的秋天，我一如既往的踏入熟悉的牙醫診所，這是我從小看到大的診所，但中間因為矯正牙齒，已經多年沒有在這邊看牙了。</p><p>我提早一天預約了早上的時段，因爲離發病已經過了好久好久，久到我幾乎忘記自己的身分與普通病患不同，在前天預約中沒有告知牙醫診所自己帕斯提的身分，而當天早上抵達診所後，櫃檯小姐跟我拿了健保卡便請我在座位區稍等，我坐下去滑著手機聽著我最愛的已故dj-AVICII的silhouettes，看著陸陸續續有人走出來走進去診間，心想還沒輪到我嗎…</p><p><span style="font-size: inherit;">突然享受著美好的音樂的我被櫃檯小姐打斷，「小姐，不好意思喔？那個我們院長說要麻煩妳到大醫院去看」，當下一陣錯愕，我回她請問是什麼原因呢？她支支吾吾了半天，我才想起我上個禮拜才去回診了感染科，我很識時務的幫她把話說完，然後武裝起自己的態度向她表明：「我是可以到別家診所去看啦！但是你們知道你們這樣的做法已經違法了嗎？」</span></p><p>態度似乎強硬的不容拒絕，但內心早已千刀萬剮，又是這個身分惹的禍。</p><p>從康復初期，就曾因感染者的身分遭市立泳池拒絕入會，那天是個艷陽高照的夏天，心裡難過到快哭出來，打給多年好友一陣訴苦，然後就在捷運站哭了出來，而時隔多久的今日，似乎已經能把持住眼淚不讓人看到我的軟弱，卻依然沒有辦法改變別人對我們的看法。</p><p>最後診所仍然為我看診，整個過程中我都感到極度尷尬，草草的看完牙齒，走出診所外，我知道這再也不會接受我的預約了，秋天的太陽是舒服的，那一刻我才允許自己掉一兩滴淚，好想像歌詞唱的we are newborn，你們知道嗎we&#8217;ve come a long way since that day since that day, and we will never look back, look back at the faded silhouette, straight ahead on the path we have before us, because Day by day, soon the change will come, and that is what I believe.</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-im-sorry-too/">感染者經驗之「如果我說我也很抱歉」</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<item>
		<title>愛滋病與新冠肺炎對牙科感染管制造成重大影響</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-aids-covid19-and-infection-control/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 03 Aug 2022 01:10:10 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[牙醫觀點]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=11072</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>COVID-19席捲全球，造成無可計量的損失，牙科醫療人員因為需要直接面對口腔，許多牙科醫療院所顧及員工健康，並為了避免患者交叉感染提升防護措施。然而，感染控制並不是在新冠肺炎出現後才受到牙科醫療人員的重視，現今牙科醫療對於感染控制的重視起源於1980-90年代HIV的流行。</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-aids-covid19-and-infection-control/">愛滋病與新冠肺炎對牙科感染管制造成重大影響</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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									<p>作者：Hi, Dr.V團隊 燈燈牙醫師</p>								</div>
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									<p>感染管制(infection control)指的是患者於醫療院所接受檢查或治療，或醫護人員照顧患有傳染性疾病的病人時，為了避免造成交互感染與預防感染傳播，醫療院所與醫護人員所採取的防護措施。</p>
<p>這幾年新冠肺炎(COVID-19)席捲全球，造成無可計量的損失，牙科醫療人員因為需要直接面對口腔，且診間充斥牙科治療時產生的口水飛沫，許多牙科醫療院所顧及員工健康，並為了避免患者交叉感染提升防護措施，紛紛戴起N95口罩、護目鏡、面罩、在診間購置更多的空氣清淨機等。以上提及的諸多防護措施，都是感染控制的環節。然而，感染控制並不是在新冠肺炎出現後才受到牙科醫療人員的重視，現今牙科醫療對於感染控制的重視起源於1980-90年代HIV的流行。</p>
<p>在雞尾酒療法出現之前，感染HIV幾乎等同於罹患不治之症，擔心自己罹患愛滋的恐慌衝擊了醫療人員，也讓許多民眾擔心因為看牙而感染愛滋。始於對愛滋疫情的重視，專家學者著手規畫個人防護裝備(personal protective equipment) <span style="color: #ff0000;">[註一]</span>與通用預防措施(universal precautions)規範<span style="color: #ff0000;">[註二]</span>，牙科醫療人員開始重視感染控制，牙醫師在看診時配戴手套與口罩、牙科助理為每位患者更換消毒後的器械等，這些牙科感染管制規定是近四十年來逐步建立的成果。</p>
<p>對於HIV的重視推動了感染控制相關制度的建立，但也同時讓HIV在世人心中留下不可抹滅的可怖印象，即使HIV並非男同志專屬疾病，且已成為藉由服藥可控制良好的慢性疾病，世人對HIV的刻板印象仍直接或間接導致感染者或同志族群遭受差別待遇。由於牙科感染管制與HIV之間曾有密不可分的關聯性，加上對於HIV的印象與恐懼過於深刻，時至今日全球的HIV感染者都持續面臨牙科求診不易的困境，許多牙科醫療院所仍對「為HIV感染者提供牙科醫療照護」感到躊躇，深恐防護裝備(如：口罩、隔離衣、面罩等)或感染控制措施(如：器械消毒、環境清潔方式等)不夠周延，進而衍生拒診與過度防護的爭議。</p>								</div>
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									<p>類似的情況同樣也發生在國外的新冠肺炎疫情中，有牙科醫療人員表示亞洲人與亞裔人士因為被認定有更高的機率是新冠肺炎帶原者而被拒絕看牙，疫情期間也不時聽聞<a href="https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world-52824216" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener"><u>亞洲人與亞裔人士因為疫情遭受種族歧視。</u></a></p><p>由此可知，疫病往往是推動醫療發展的動力，但也可能與汙名產生連結，進而對弱勢或特定族群造成負面影響。然而台灣在這兩年的新冠肺炎疫情中，借鏡SARS的抗疫經驗，加上牙科醫療院所已落實幾十年的感染控制，牙科醫療人員不僅很快地增加、適應諸多防疫措施，也可以看到不論是政府官員或醫療人員，都戮力於了解疾病的傳染途徑、模式與治療方法，並且極力避免任何形式的污名影響到特定族群(如：八大行業、外籍移工)以及防疫工作。</p>								</div>
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									<p>雖然愛滋病與新冠肺炎都曾是可怕、未知的新興傳染疾病，但台灣經過長期的教育訓練並建立更加完善的制度後，更快速、精確地對新冠肺炎疫情做出反應與調整，希冀未來台灣的牙科醫療環境不論在面對HIV、新冠肺炎或其他新興疾病，都能落實合宜的感染控制方式，除了保護醫療人員的安全，也應依循<a href="https://www.cdc.gov.tw/Category/ListContent/NO6oWHDwvVfwb2sbWzvHWQ?uaid=2_LQNoINv66A3OHJxbuK1w" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener"><u>疾管署的建議</u></a>，確保不會造成環境汙染或他人感染，並儘量降低因防護措施可能對病患產生的不良影響。牙科相關的感染控制建議，除了可以在<a href="https://www.cdc.gov.tw/Uploads/files/201606/9248dc43-33fd-4d36-92e8-3092c8296465.pdf" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener"><u>疾管署的網站上查詢</u></a>，也可以參考愛滋感染者權益促進會與Dr.V團隊合作出版的「<a href="https://praatw.org/publications/2117" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener"><u>HIV 感染者的口腔照護指南</u></a>」，期待這些資訊能讓台灣的醫療環境更加專業、友善。</p><p><span style="color: #ff0000;">[註一]</span> 個人防護裝備：如口罩、手套、隔離衣、護目鏡等裝備，依照不同的疾病傳染途徑，醫療人員將穿戴適合的防護裝備。</p><p><span style="color: #ff0000;">[註二]</span> 通用預防措施：在1980年代出現愛滋疫情後，專家學者設計通用預防措施，規定醫療人員應配戴適合的防護裝備以隔絕與病患體液的接觸。目前此一觀念更加完善，已改稱為「標準防護措施(Standard precautions)」，包含多項預防感染措施，包括醫療人員的手部衛生、執行安全注射、預防醫療儀器及設備成為疾病傳染的媒介等。</p>								</div>
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									<p>參考資料：<br />1. 牙科院所感染管制措施指引手冊，鄭信忠，2016<br />2. The HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Parallel in Dentistry from the Perspectives of the Oral Health Care Team, M. Brondani and L. Donnelly, 2021</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-aids-covid19-and-infection-control/">愛滋病與新冠肺炎對牙科感染管制造成重大影響</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>感染者經驗之「友善日常」</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-daily-friendliness/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 03 Aug 2022 01:00:20 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[感染者經驗]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=10316</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>恢復室等候的同時，就聽到櫃檯有人大聲尖叫道：「剛剛那位是HIV Positive！」分貝之大，大到恢復室都是那位尖叫女子的聲音。我不確定我當下的表情，但應該就是出現「此人已死，有事燒紙」這樣的窘態吧。後續護理人員跟我說的對話也早已無心回應，只想盡早離開那個「友善空間」...</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-daily-friendliness/">感染者經驗之「友善日常」</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 24px;">作者：傲樑</span><br /><span style="font-size: 16px;">文章背景資訊：2021年，台北市區域醫院<br /></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="600" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/person07-p1.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-11528" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/person07-p1.jpg 600w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/person07-p1-100x100.jpg 100w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/person07-p1-300x300.jpg 300w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/person07-p1-150x150.jpg 150w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/person07-p1-370x370.jpg 370w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/person07-p1-90x90.jpg 90w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" />															</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><b>傲樑親自發聲，<br />把自己的牙科就診經驗說給你聽<br /></b></span></p>								</div>
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															<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="600" src="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/person07-p4.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-11530" alt="" srcset="https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/person07-p4.jpg 800w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/person07-p4-700x525.jpg 700w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/person07-p4-300x225.jpg 300w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/person07-p4-768x576.jpg 768w, https://iknowledge.info/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/person07-p4-370x278.jpg 370w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" />															</div>
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									<p>午安喔~我是傲樑，是一位很愛不務正業的男同志，同時也是一名年輕愛滋感染者，21歲感染，至今正邁向第五個年頭。經歷過許多光怪離奇的事情，有些充滿感動，也有些深感無奈，而以下的故事是來自我所經歷的無奈牙醫就診告白。</p><p>2020年底的時候，我的上嘴唇突然長出一個白色突起物，因為不痛不癢，所以當下也並無特別去理會。但放著不處理總會覺得怪怪的，還是有去租屋處附近的牙科診所檢查，當時的醫師判斷白色突起物為無害的部分，作進一步觀察即可。後續覺得心裡不踏實，決定遵照個管師的建議，前往一家在台北市的愛滋病指定醫院看診。</p><p>看診的過程還算順暢，醫師的初步診斷也和上一位醫師的回覆貼近，但討論後還是決議將突起物安排手術處理掉。這時候，在診間的我已經有向醫師告知感染者的身分，診間護理人員也非常不意外且很有禮貌的將我們的手術時間安排在該預約手術時段的「最後一位」以利後續消毒作業。</p><p>手術當天，一個人默默在手術室外等著，照著流程量血壓、換衣服、套手環，平躺上手術台，簡單和手術人員說笑著舒緩壓力，下麻藥、電燒、結束。起身的同時還帶著些許小確幸，想說這次的經驗還算愉快。但這時，手術室的護理人員突然匆忙的走到我身旁，用很謹慎的語氣問著：</p><p><b>「先生我知道這樣問很失禮，但你知道你是愛滋感染者嗎?」</b></p><p>當下，我愣在那邊，也困惑著為何要在手術後才來詢問這個問題。</p><p>簡單回覆後，在恢復室等候的同時，就聽到櫃檯有人大聲尖叫道：「剛剛那位是HIV Positive拉!」分貝之大，大到恢復室都是那位尖叫女子的聲音。我不確定我當下的表情，但應該就是出現「此人已死，有事燒紙」這樣的窘態吧。後續護理人員跟我說的對話也早已無心回應，只想盡早離開那個「友善空間」。</p><p>當我以為這已經夠糟時，術後回診的情況也是各種心死。我忘不了回診時那位醫師的表情。他用著他的「專業嘴臉」說著：「化驗結果看起來是梅毒所造成，請你自行前往感染科處理。」說完就打算直接離去，當詢問有無開藥的可能，除了重複回覆要我回感染科外沒有其他回覆，而身旁的護理人員除了尷尬苦笑外，也沒有任何協助。而諷刺的是，當我回診感染科時，我的梅毒指數一切正常，化驗結果也不是那位牙醫所說。也很感謝我的感染科醫師，認真聽完我的故事後，有承諾會協助向院方反應此事。</p><p>但，那時的我，也真的認真思考著：<br /><b>「原來友善醫院的友善是如此讓人難堪嗎？」</b></p><p>在面對愛滋感染者就診議題時，普遍社會大眾(亦或醫療端)總會有很多很可愛的期望，而這期望有時候是很傷害感染者感受的。身為感染者，如果遵守規範是目前現階段社會能維持平衡方式的話，我覺得我願意配合，但如果已經到了沒來由的惡意的話，真心希望感染者在就診前還是先以保護自身安全為第一優先，因為真的很怕有一天，我們沒有力氣再去承接那出自友善的惡意。也真的由衷的期望，我所發生的事，只是一次偶然，而不是一個一再發生的「友善日常」。</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-daily-friendliness/">感染者經驗之「友善日常」</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>感染者經驗之「牙醫診所裡的那些聲音」</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-voice-in-the-dental-clinic/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 27 Jul 2022 01:00:22 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[感染者經驗]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=10445</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>同時看診的年輕醫生有點緊張的跟我說：「你要不要等退燒後再來洗牙？」，面對醫生的回應，我感到不解與無奈。卻也別無他法，或許是那樣的表情？引發他作為醫者的惻隱之心？在他一陣內心交戰後，突然說：「好，我幫你洗牙」。說真的，這句話會讓我一輩子永遠記住...</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-voice-in-the-dental-clinic/">感染者經驗之「牙醫診所裡的那些聲音」</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 24px;">作者：小宇</span><br /><span style="font-size: 16px;">文章背景資訊：2019-2021年，台北市診所<br /></span></p>								</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><b>小宇親自發聲，<br />把自己的牙科就診經驗說給你聽<br /></b></span></p>								</div>
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									<p>嘟、嘟、嘟、嘟、嘟。<br>
電話聲一邊響著，我感受到自己的心臟比平常更劇烈地同時跳動。</p>
<p>我：「您好，我想預約洗牙」<br>
護士：「您好，我們這幾天都預約滿了喔，最快能預約的時間是下禮拜三下午三點，請問您想預約什麼時段呢？」<br>
我：「那就請幫我預約下禮拜下午三點。」<br>
護士：「好的，想請問您貴姓？電話號碼是？」<br>
我：「那個因為我是HIV患者，已經U=U，想先請問一下你們醫院有接受HIV患者洗牙嗎？」<br>
護士：「嗯……應該是沒問題，你等一下喔，我幫你問一下！」</p>
<p>在得知自己確診後，不知不覺已經過了兩年多。經由穩定服藥，使病情得到穩定控制的情況下，成了U=U的自己，心態也漸漸調整，做好與病毒共存長期抗戰的準備。</p><p><span style="font-size: inherit;">相較於確診初期，由於怕曝光身份的關係，從前的「跨縣市領藥兼小旅行模式」，也在某次鼓起勇氣的情況下，自我突破的改在位於自己工作處不遠的鄉鎮領藥（但仍非在所處的鄉鎮）。</span></p>
<p>記得在那之前，有次橫跨縣市回到台北領藥時，突然間鼓起勇氣，想試試看預約附近的牙醫洗牙，接起電話的便是方才那話筒裡的年輕女聲，她的整體態度也算溫和有禮，因此讓我稍微放下心中緊張的情緒。後來，話筒傳來她與醫生的對話，我聽到了像是執業中的年長醫師對他的答覆。</p>
<p>「你跟他說我們醫院設備不足，沒有辦法接受他的預約就好了。」<br>
「喔……好……。」<br>
「喂……不好意思……那個因為我們醫院設備不足，所以可能沒辦法接受您的預約喔。」<br>
「好的，我知道了，謝謝您。」</p>
<p>本以為自己的第一次預約嘗試，便幸運地遇到一間友善整所，頓時出現的一線生機，卻又瞬間被熄滅，像是不經意點燃的線香，淡淡的燃燒，裊裊餘韻，再被活生生地存在著，卻毫不在乎的什麼，給任意捻熄。但我想，也許當下醫生有他的患者，他也有他表達上的壓力。我試著這樣理解他。也並不完全怪他。</p>
<p>我想起在我還不知道自己感染HIV病毒前，因為急性感染導致發燒與牙齦腫脹疼痛的關係，在計程車司機的建議下，來到一間東門捷運站附近的牙醫診所。後來我卻意外發現，離我領藥的指定藥局不遠處，剛好就是我確診前所看的那間牙醫診所。像是命運般。</p>
<p>我記得我第一次訝異的發現這個巧合時，一開始我有點慶幸的想著：我是在確診前看診的，已經留有看診紀錄，這樣或許他們就不需要幫我建檔，便可能不會知道我罹患HIV？這樣以後也許領藥時，我就可以順便洗牙。</p>
<p>也許你會覺得這樣是不是太自私？但當我自己穩定服藥，成了U=U，我是否能夠擁有人權，能夠豁免於告訴醫生自己確診（甚至其他人）的道德義務呢？</p>
<p>當我把這樣想法告訴我的個管師時，個管師淡淡的說：「你插健保卡時，他們就會知道你有HIV了。」</p>
<p><span style="font-size: inherit;">我：「那你們有友善的牙醫診所名單可以提供給我嗎？」</span></p>
<p>個管師：「曾經有友善的醫生願意看診，但一傳十十傳百，大家都去那裡看的時候，最後他也沒辦法承受各種層面的壓力。」</p>
<p>我：「那我可以直接在台大看牙醫嗎？」</p>
<p>個管師：「就我們的立場，我們還是比較建議你直接去一般的診所掛號。他們應該都有足夠的知識去應付了，連B肝他們都可以處理，哪有什麼不能處理的。」</p>
<p>我想起自己在發燒時，面對我因發燒而牙齦腫脹的狀況，同時看診的年輕醫生有點緊張的跟我說：「你要不要等退燒後再來洗牙？」，面對醫生的回應，我感到不解與無奈。卻也別無他法，或許是那樣的表情？引發他作為醫者的惻隱之心？在他一陣內心交戰後，突然說：「好，我幫你洗牙」。說真的，這句話會讓我一輩子永遠記住。我很感謝他，在評估了可能的風險後，還是幫我洗牙的那股善良與溫柔。（而他與電話裡的醫師似乎是一對同時執業的父子。）</p>
<p>後來，我想起自己在生病之前，在每年一度的例行性洗牙中，曾經有醫生告訴我：「你的牙質很好，到老應該都不太需要擔心蛀牙的問題。」</p>
<p>那讓我多少有點慶幸，在確診之後，免疫力下降後，我比較明顯的問題只是牙齦相較健康時，稍微萎縮了一點，容易卡食物在牙縫中，這樣我自己還可以處理的問題。但也常常會想著：都已經生病兩三年了，比一般人還更需要照顧身體健康的我，還是要找機會回去看牙醫吧？</p>
<p>於是在那次領了藥後，我突然想著：不如就試試看吧。反正應該也不行，被拒絕也是理所當然，做好心理建設，沒有什麼損失。畢竟在之前看過的相關文章與實際做過的調查中，你會發現這個台灣號稱最先進文明的城市裡的牙醫師，不願意接受HIV患者的就診比例還是這麼高。這就是我們日常所必須面對的現實。</p>
<p>那天，在聽完年輕護士的無奈且略感抱歉的拒絕後，我雖然有所預期，內心依舊頓時微涼，自己告訴著自己：「果然啊……怎麼可能就讓我這麼順利的成功呢？」再鼓勵自己般的想著：「沒關係，不要難過，要堅強。」</p>
<p>直到現在，生病快三年了。我還是沒有看過一次牙醫。</p>
<p>後來，我知道了高雄似乎有一間友善的牙醫診所，主治醫生勇敢的說他們願意幫我們看診。我想，在我確診滿三年前，我想，我也終於能夠不必膽戰心驚，去看我生病後，第一次的牙醫了。</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-voice-in-the-dental-clinic/">感染者經驗之「牙醫診所裡的那些聲音」</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>愛滋友善牙醫師沒說的心底事：我在糾結該不該與你相認</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-should-i-say-i-know-you/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 27 Jul 2022 01:00:17 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[牙醫觀點]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=11128</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>在愛滋相關工作者中，有件不一定正式寫在訓練手冊裡，但與愛滋領域的連結越深，越會默默地主動這麼做的事情，那就是無論個案管理師或是HIV NGO的工作者都知道、也會與感染者明確告知的：「在公眾場合，我們會裝作不認識我們服務的個案」。</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-should-i-say-i-know-you/">愛滋友善牙醫師沒說的心底事：我在糾結該不該與你相認</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
]]></description>
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									<p>作者：<br />Hi,Dr.V團隊 之<br />也不曉得能在哪裡聊這個的<br />曾伊絲</p>								</div>
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									<p>在愛滋相關工作者中，有件不一定正式寫在訓練手冊裡，但與愛滋領域的連結越深，越會默默地主動這麼做的事情，那就是無論個案管理師或是HIV NGO的工作者都知道、也會與感染者明確告知的：「在公眾場合，我們會裝作不認識我們服務的個案」。</p><p>這是為了避免有心人士對於兩者認識的原因多做聯想，導致個案被懷疑具有感染身分，所以愛滋相關工作者會盡量不要在他人面前曝光與感染者認識的事情。</p><p>愛滋友善牙醫也在這個需要防備的範圍裡嗎？老實說我一開始並沒有被任何人耳提面命這個原則，即使後來聽說了這件事，我也沒覺得太需要警戒，一來是我本來就很少在路上遇到患者（即使遇到也未必能相認，患者通常不會知道牙醫師長什麼樣子）；二來是我並非只看感染者，應該不至於讓患者遭到懷疑；第三是我演技很差，很難裝不認識。</p><p>直到某天，我在餐廳巧遇一個感染者患者，那名患者在網路上小有名氣，我同行的朋友們也都聽說過他，他認出我之後（我們先前在診間聊天過幾次），很熱情地找我寒暄，我也開心的回應，結尾他說了要再去找我洗牙便離開。吃完飯我與朋友們散步聊天，忽然有個朋友，找了個空檔湊近我，用其他人不會注意的音量問：「剛剛那一位原本就是你診所的患者嗎？」（我在醫院的門診是感染者專屬門診，但診所不是）</p><p>我瞬間在心底嚇出一身冷汗，腦中開始眾多思緒紛亂交織，患者他平時打卡地點印象中都離診所很遠，我要怎麼解釋才不會讓他被懷疑、我是不是該裝作我沒有聽懂？如果撇清得太用力會不會反而更可疑？如果反應得太慢會不會顯得很不自然⋯我到底要怎麼回才能保護患者？</p><p>最後我胡扯說：「喔對啊，他的工作室在我診所附近，那一區還蠻多藝人網紅出沒的（這是事實）。」</p><p>我不曉得朋友是出於什麼心態問我這個問題（應不至於是出於惡意），也不曉得他是接受了這個答案？還是有察覺我的僵硬，總之他沒有再繼續追問下去，日後我們也沒有再聊起這件事。</p>								</div>
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									<p>這是我初次切身意識到<br /><span style="font-size: 22px;"><b>「不要與感染者相認」<br /></b></span>這個原則的重要性以及嚴重性</p>								</div>
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									<p>從此以後，即使被認為有點自我意識過剩也沒關係，我隨時都準備好如果在路上遇到感染者，我一定要快閃到不會被對方發現的地方，我要杜絕任何可能造成對方暴露身分的危機，除了怕對方跟我相認之外（會有這層擔心，通常是因為原本的醫病關係不錯，否則應該也不是每個患者都很想跟他們的牙醫相認），我也不希望當對方與我相認後我還要裝作不認識他或冷淡回應，這在第一時間通常會令人感覺挺受傷的（而未來也不一定有機會跟他解釋），於是只能用實際的方法去避免：一開始就躲得遠遠的。</p><p>我偶爾也會直截了當地建議感染者患者，不要跟任何你不希望他知道你感染的人，提到你的牙醫師是誰、或是你到哪一個單位看牙。</p><p>事實上，對於感染者現今仍是個如此需要隱瞞的身分、以及光是「公開的愛滋友善醫師」就會是行動標籤機的這些事，怎麼想都使人難過，大家不覺得這有點「地下情人」的意味嗎？我們明明是正當且實際的往來，之中也不乏特別合得來的人，卻無法在任何場合承認，只能在私下互動。</p><p>希望如果有一天所有醫師都是愛滋友善醫師就好了，除了讓患者有更多選擇，也不會再有這樣「提供幫助的同時擔心害了你」的顧慮，有時想想，這個因汙名而不得不形成的距離，也是令人挺寂寞的啊。</p><p>P.S. 文中故事為了避免導致任何人被揣測，已經過大幅度改寫至只呈現意義的程度。</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-should-i-say-i-know-you/">愛滋友善牙醫師沒說的心底事：我在糾結該不該與你相認</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>感染者經驗之「善用資源，我們一起努力」</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-good-use-of-resources-together/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 20 Jul 2022 01:00:44 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[感染者經驗]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=10439</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>自2017年確診後開始就沒有再看過牙科，因為友善團體提醒大多數牙科是不友善的，加上本身對口腔清潔還蠻注重，一開始對這件事就不是很在意，加上生活在非都市型的縣市，就醫什麼的，本身就不是非常方便...</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-good-use-of-resources-together/">感染者經驗之「善用資源，我們一起努力」</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 24px;">作者：黑貓</span><br /><span style="font-size: 16px;">文章背景資訊：2020-2021年，台灣南部某縣市<br /></span></p>								</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><b>黑貓親自發聲，<br /></b></span><span style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei', sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal;">把自己的牙科就診經驗說給你聽</span><span style="font-size: 17px;"><b><br /></b></span></p>								</div>
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									<p>自2017年確診後開始就沒有再看過牙科，因為友善團體提醒大多數牙科是不友善的，加上本身對口腔清潔還蠻注重，一開始對這件事就不是很在意，加上生活在非都市型的縣市，就醫什麼的，本身就不是非常方便。</p><p>後來，逐漸因為其他就醫經驗越來越多，像是感冒、皮膚過敏、落枕到車禍送急診等等…，在沒有隱瞞 HIV+ 甚至主動告知下都很順利，讓我覺得也許可以試著挑戰魔王「牙科診所」看看，畢竟H回診都是在比較大型的醫院，牙科都很難掛號，在還沒有出現急性問題前找到一家可以接受的牙科診所吧！</p><p>經過朋友介紹他覺得牙醫人很好的診所，不過牆還是要自己去撞，經過第一間、第二間電話說明掛號全滿只收既有病人後，我知道我被四間名字有些雷同的連鎖診所一起拒絕了。在第二個連鎖診所回覆消毒設備等級不足（該診所廣告還是強調是用最高等級消毒設備），連友善診所都只出現在隔壁縣市的情況下，只好問了回診醫院的個管師是否可以掛回診醫院的牙科？當然可以，第一次看診只能現場掛號等，但 HIV+ 不管掛幾號都要等到最後一位看診，之後回診也是，甚至因為這個不成文的規定讓牙科曾被感染者投訴，院內會議上牙科拒絕個管的建議，不會取消該作法，不會拒診，但在那之後的友善調查時也不再舉手。</p><p>個管給了另一間特約區域醫院牙科主任的名字，直接去掛號，大不了以後就跑外縣市友善牙科。</p><p>護：初診資料填寫好了嗎？咦&#8230;你的慢性疾病是什麼？<br />我：HIV+<br />護：喔～這情況我需要告知一下醫生喔！<br />我：沒問題。<br />主任醫：你很正向，直接告訴護士，這很不容易，本來就是每一位病人都是當作高風險面對。</p><p>在久違的躺椅上，仍是一樣的洗牙處置，歸功於高中開始使用牙線漱口水的習慣，保持下去，沒事一年回診一次即可。</p><p>感染者在就醫上會感受到不同壓力，那來自於一個自己不說，健保卡資料也看得出來的病毒治療紀錄。我是一位感染者，我了解HIV，但很多人不了解，很多醫院診所面對的大眾並不了解，會擔心要是被傳出去有在看愛滋病患會被民眾怎麼看待，不能責怪拒診或條件很多的醫療機構。</p><p>身為感染者，感謝生在這個年代，我的生活與一般人無異，就醫上有很好的個管師可以諮詢，生活上有友善團體的支持，有倡議團體持續發聲，最終HIV+只是出現在健檢報告上的紅字而已。</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-good-use-of-resources-together/">感染者經驗之「善用資源，我們一起努力」</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>淺談告知2—牙醫師在想什麼？</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-what-are-dentists-thinking/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 20 Jul 2022 01:00:21 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[牙醫觀點]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=11167</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>或許你曾看過或聽過，感染者在告知牙醫師後看診被拒絕，或醫師從雲端藥歷得知病患是感染者後拒絕，到底感染身分在看牙時有什麼影響？一定要告知牙醫師嗎？以牙醫師而言，多數希望病患告知，最常見希望告知的原因為病情考量與感染管制。</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-what-are-dentists-thinking/">淺談告知2—牙醫師在想什麼？</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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									<p>作者：Hi,Dr.V團隊 阿觀牙醫師</p>								</div>
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									<p>或許你曾看過或聽過，感染者在告知牙醫師後看診被拒絕，或醫師從雲端藥歷得知病患是感染者後拒絕，到底感染身分在看牙時有什麼影響？一定要告知牙醫師嗎？以牙醫師而言，多數希望病患告知，最常見希望告知的原因為病情考量與感染管制。</p>
<p>在病情考量的部分，由於身體是多個系統的綜合體，各系統或器官息息相關，有時看似毫不相干的疾病，卻會影響其他部位，或因藥物副作用造成其他問題，因此，在牙科治療上，也會需要了解病患的過去病史。<span style="font-size: inherit;">在HIV方面，</span><a href="https://praatw.org/publications/2117" style="font-size: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><u>發病者的口腔內可能會產生一些病灶</u></a><span style="font-size: inherit;">，若已經穩定服藥，感染相關的口腔徵狀已經不多，但許多牙醫師考量HIV與口腔徵狀的關係，會希望病患告知。</span></p>
<p>另一個更被牙醫師重視的原因是感染管制。感染管制是指在醫療機構中避免或停止疾病傳播的措施，包含病患之間或病患與醫療人員之間的傳播，不同的疾病傳播方式不同，會有相對應的措施，舉例來說<a href="https://www.cdc.gov.tw/Category/ListPage/7546?page=3&amp;foo=bar" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><u>HIV和COVID-19的防護措施就有極大的差異。</u></a></p>
<p>以HIV而言，<a href="https://www.cdc.gov.tw/Category/ListPage/7546?page=3&amp;foo=bar" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><u>採用標準防護措施且依循各器械應有的消毒滅菌規範</u></a>，不論醫院或診所都可以預防HIV的傳播。理論上是這樣，但實際上，許多醫療人員會誤認為HIV需要額外的防護措施，且各醫療院所可能會訂定自己的作業流程，包含調整防護措施及消毒滅菌流程，所以，有時會透過病患的告知，才採取應有的防護措施或消毒滅菌流程。此外，針扎是牙科工作人員常會發生的事件，理論上，每一起針扎事件均應通報且進行暴露後處理流程，但實際上，許多牙醫師或牙科助理常因怕麻煩或避免被咎責而忽略，因而仰賴病患的告知決定是否跑後續的處理流程。</p>								</div>
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									<p><b>目前疾病治療現況，感染身分多數不會影響牙科治療；希望感染者就診時，不用把「預防傳染」這件事往身上攬。</b></p>								</div>
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									<p>筆者認為，以現在疾病治療現況，感染身分多數不會影響牙科治療，但有這項資訊，有時在診斷上會有幫助。同樣地，在感染管制方面，感染身分或許沒那麼重要。首先，是否採取標準防護措施或進行確實的消毒滅菌流程是醫療院所與醫療人員的責任，需要這項資訊的醫療院所或醫事人員也可以透過雲端藥歷查詢。再者，不是每次看診都會發生針扎或各種暴露。</p><p>此外，<a href="https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/risk/estimates/riskbehaviors.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><u>假設針扎或暴露，醫療人員被傳染HIV的機率很低</u></a>，<a href="https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00052722.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><u>再加上低病毒量或使用oPEP，風險更是大幅下降</u></a>。以上理由，是希望感染者在就診的時候，不用把「預防傳播」這件事往身上攬。</p><p>綜合以上，多數牙醫師希望病患告知，但如果你不確定你的牙醫師是否友善，請先保護自己不受傷害，同時，因為雲端藥歷，你的感染身分可能會曝光，但請別因此延誤就醫，還有許多友善醫療資源等著你。</p><p>別忘了，愛自己。</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-what-are-dentists-thinking/">淺談告知2—牙醫師在想什麼？</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>淺談告知1—看牙醫篇</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-how-to-disclose-with-dentists/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 Jul 2022 01:00:40 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[牙醫觀點]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=11137</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>身為牙醫師常有朋友問我：「感染者看牙時要不要告知？」這真是一個很難回答的問題。看完這篇文章，或許不一定有答案，但能讓你了解可能面對的狀況。理想上，在告知之後，應該能接續進行看診與治療，但如上述所說，根據面對的醫師與院所，你可能會進入不同的情境。</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-how-to-disclose-with-dentists/">淺談告知1—看牙醫篇</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
]]></description>
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									<p>作者：Hi,Dr.V團隊 阿觀牙醫師</p>								</div>
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									常有朋友問我：「感染者看牙時要不要告知？」這真是一個很難回答的問題。看完這篇文章，或許不一定有答案，但能讓你了解可能面對的狀況。

講到就醫的告知議題，必然要提到法律規定。《<a href="https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=L0050004" target="_blank" rel="noopener" "dofollow"><u>人類免疫缺乏病毒傳染防治及感染者權益保障條例</u></a>》第12條：「就醫時，應向醫事人員告知其已感染人類免疫缺乏病毒。但處於緊急情況或身處隱私未受保障之環境者，不在此限。」已明文規定感染者就醫時需告知，但「身在隱私未受保障之環境如感染者處於開放空間，有非醫事人員在場且得以聽聞知悉之環境」（立法理由）可免。因此，如果你身處開放空間（例如：診所櫃檯），是可以不用告知的，而身處隱私受保障的環境下，依照法規，告知恐怕是唯一選擇，但請有心理準備，這位醫師不一定是愛滋友善醫師，如果要避免此種狀況又擔心法律規定，可先向個管師、民間團體或朋友詢問愛滋友善醫師。撇除這條法律規定，如果你還想知道更多，可以繼續讀下去。

理想上，在告知之後，應該能接續進行看診與治療，但如上述所說，根據面對的醫師與院所，你可能會進入不同的情境：								</div>
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									<span style="font-size: 26px;"><b>1.遇到不熟悉感染者的牙科處置且對愛滋較不友善的醫師</b></span>								</div>
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									<p>許多醫師因臨床工作中較少遇到感染者，常誤認為需要更多防護措施或是擔心免疫低下的狀況，此外，有些醫師本身對愛滋持有一些負面想法，可能在告知後拒絕你，或是建議到大醫院處理。如果你已經在大醫院，則可能會建議你到北市聯醫昆明院區的愛滋牙科門診。能避免這類醫師最佳，但如果遇到且又有拒診或歧視等行為，可聯繫愛滋感染者權益促進會進行相關申訴。</p>								</div>
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									<span style="font-size: 26px;"><b>2.遇到不熟悉感染者的牙科處置但對愛滋較友善的醫師</b></span>								</div>
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									同樣的，這類醫師對感染者的治療或處置不一定熟悉，但不會有偏見，比較多是因為一時不知該如何是好，可能會建議你到大醫院處理，或是進行基本治療（例如：口腔檢查、洗牙或補牙）之後，其他項目建議到大醫院處理。<span style="font-size: inherit;">此外，你可能會遇到各院所不同的安排，像是安排至當診最後一位看診或購買專用器械等等。遇到這類醫師，可先評估當下情境，如果想嘗試溝通，可以提供愛滋感染者權益促進會出版的⟪</span><a style="font-size: inherit; background-color: #ffffff;" href="https://praatw.org/publications/2117" target="_blank" rel="dofollow noopener"><u>HIV感染者的口腔照護指南</u></a><span style="font-size: inherit;">⟫給醫師參考。</span>								</div>
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									<span style="font-size: 26px;"><b>3.遇到熟悉感染者的牙科處置但對愛滋較不友善的醫師</b></span>								</div>
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									<p>這類醫師了解感染者的治療並不需要特別調整，因此，告知後多能以一般流程看診。這類醫師是市面上常見「告知才看」的醫師，他們有時反而更希望感染者告知，如果告知之前，就已經在雲端藥歷上發現你是感染者，可能會形成醫病關係緊張的局面。所以，如果你已經知道你的牙醫師屬於這一類型，直接告知為上策。</p>								</div>
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									<span style="font-size: 26px;"><b>4.對感染者的牙科處置較熟悉且對愛滋較友善的醫師：</b></span>								</div>
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									<p>除了在感染者的口腔照護有經驗外，也可以理解感染者的不告知，多數也不會要求。但若你已經知道眼前這位醫師是友善醫師的話，告知後的你或許會比較輕鬆自在一點。</p>								</div>
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									<p>上述為筆者自行觀察與大致歸納，純屬個人觀點，僅供參考。可能有更多類型的牙醫師們，限於篇幅，無法在此贅述。</p><p>回到一開始的問題：「感染者看牙時要不要告知？」站在不同的角度，這個問題會有不同的答案，但不論告知或不告知，讓自己在看牙時處於一個舒適的狀態，就是答案。</p>								</div>
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									<span style="font-size: 30px;"><b>延伸閱讀</b></span>								</div>
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									從這些分類中，你可能會疑惑：

<span style="font-size: 24px;"><b>1.為什麼第二類醫師是對愛滋較友善呢？明明感染者不需要最後一位看診或是專用器械啊？</b></span>

沒錯，感染者和所有病患一樣，並不需要額外安排或是特殊消毒方式，但許多牙醫師不確定感染者就診是否需要做（或不做）何種特殊處置，醫療院所固有的流程或措施就被牙醫師學習並沿用，或院所同仁和主管的不友善，這些醫師只能被迫接受。或許從病患角度無法認同，但就筆者觀察，他們實際上是很友善的。

<span style="font-size: 24px;"><b>2.為什麼第三類醫師是對愛滋較不友善的醫師呢？</b></span>

這類醫師其實已經算是友善醫師，但在愛滋議題上，影響告知的因素太多，加上雲端藥歷也已經施行許久，如果醫師真的需要這項資訊，雲端藥歷是一非常實用的工具，類推至其他疾病的病患，也沒有要求病患一定要完整交代病史才看診的道理。因此，我將此類醫師歸類為較不友善者。

<span style="font-size: 24px;"><b>3.如果醫師查到雲端藥歷上的抗病毒藥物，會有什麼狀況？</b></span>

許多醫師或醫療院所都會查詢雲端藥歷，很有可能會知道你的感染身分。在上述分類中，告知與查詢雲端藥歷的結果差異不大，唯有第三類醫師，若在告知之前就從雲端藥歷得知你是感染者，或許會認為你是故意隱瞞，反應會比較激動，過去甚至曾發生醫師對病患破口大罵的事件。如果你遇到醫師當面質問你為什麼不告知，可以以「現在醫療院所多會查雲端藥歷」為由回應，接著就看醫師的反應，有時這位醫師只是一時「不受尊重」的情緒上來，但他其實很友善，那你們之後還是可以有良好的醫病互動。確實，在雲端藥歷上路之後，告知的選擇權已經不在病患身上，而且，如果你不說，醫師通常也不會跟你說他已經知道你是感染者。

<span style="font-size: 24px;"><b>4.可以告知牙醫師<a href="https://iknowledge.info/u-equal-u-for-hiv-positive"><u>U=U</u></a>嗎？</b></span>

我認為可以告知，因為有些牙醫師確實會以病毒量數值當作評估依據，但同時，不需給予過高的期待，因為還有很多原因會影響醫師的看診。就筆者個人觀點，知道U=U的牙醫師仍屬少數（但有越來越多的趨勢），此外，尚未達到U=U的人不代表無法進行牙科治療，且當針扎或暴露來源病患為U=U，<a href="https://praatw.org/publications/2117" target="_blank" rel="noopener dofollow"><u>職業暴露後的建議在國際上仍無共識</u></a>，即需要更多證據證明U=U適用於職業暴露。所以，如果已經達到U=U的話，你可以自己決定要不要告知這件事，如果還沒達到，則提供病毒量和CD4數值供醫師參考。								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-dentist-how-to-disclose-with-dentists/">淺談告知1—看牙醫篇</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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		<title>感染者經驗之「小石」</title>
		<link>https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-the-small-stone/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[C小編]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 Jul 2022 01:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[健康與醫藥]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[專題報導]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[牙科就診經驗]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV愛滋]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[感染者經驗]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://iknowledge.info/?p=10755</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>醫生看了我的牙齒狀況後只說「牙結石多，牙齦發炎了，平常要定期回來做清潔。」原來只是靠自己刷牙是不夠的，有時還需要專業儀器輔助。一個只是用水柱沖掉卡在牙縫間的牙結石的動作，他們眼裡的「小石」在我的生命裏可能是顆「大石」...</p>
<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-the-small-stone/">感染者經驗之「小石」</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 24px;">作者：A</span><br /><span style="font-size: 16px;">文章背景資訊：2022年，新北市診所<br /></span></p>								</div>
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									<p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><b>A 親自發聲，<br />把自己的牙科就診經驗說給你聽</b></span></p>								</div>
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									<p>再進去牙科診所看診已經是好多年後了，自己在健保卡上的身分也跟以前不一樣。曾聽聞有些牙醫會對感染者的身分較敏感，因此今天只是想單純的洗牙，在進去預約前就顧慮許多。</p><p><span style="font-size: inherit;">沿著權促會提供的友善牙科名單找到這間離家最近的診所，挑了個快打烊的時間才過去，心裡不斷彩排待會要怎麼跟櫃台說。我總是想做到天衣無縫，無懈可擊，我保守我的秘密就像母親保護自己的小孩一般。</span></p><p>然而跟櫃台服務人員表明自己身分後很意外的換來很平靜的對待，原先擔心會被拒診或對方露出為難的神色此時都沒有，就這樣順利約好隔天晚上洗牙。</p><p>過了一天到了約定好的時間進去，服務人員迅速引領我上診間等候，醫生看了我的牙齒狀況後只說「牙結石多，牙齦發炎了，平常要定期回來做清潔。」原來只是靠自己刷牙是不夠的，有時還需要專業儀器輔助。一個只是用水柱沖掉卡在牙縫間的牙結石的動作，他們眼裡的「小石」在我的生命裏可能是顆「大石」。</p><p>離開後牙縫開了，大口倒抽了口氣感受本就該透透氣的牙齒們，每半年一次規律的洗牙就像為我做了套牙齒和心靈的SPA。社會上的包容與照護也是有的，很感謝這些白袍天使的付出，這是一次很好的就診經驗。有時太緊密的防守和保護反而無法讓他人知道我們的問題在哪，我們如能留有一點縫隙給別人，也才能更輕鬆地面對生活。</p><p>下次我還是會回診也想鼓勵病友放心去看牙科，好口氣好口腔幫助我們能更好運的找到理想的那個「他」。我的閨蜜已穩定跟他男友在一起五年多了，他的男友就是牙醫，或許下次在診間還能發現愛情也不一定呢。</p>								</div>
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		<p>這篇文章 <a href="https://iknowledge.info/2022mde-plwh-the-small-stone/">感染者經驗之「小石」</a> 最早出現於 <a href="https://iknowledge.info">愛知識 iKnowledge 聊聊那些不好聊的事</a>。</p>
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